In 1910 during the Picardie Maneuvers, the first usage of aircraft on the field had an impact on all countries as well as Ottoman State, in order to establish an aviation organization, procure aircraft and train its forces in pilotage. While the research on this aim and purpose was going on, Italians has used the first aircraft on the theatre in Tripoli War, accelerated the aircraft procurement and institutional developments in Ottoman State. In this scope, establishment of Aviation Commission and Aircraft School and Center had commenced by Ministry of War in order to organize aviation activities. It is observed that there are so many studies on the first establishment period of Air Forces in Ottoman Army. In all studies on this field, it was stated that “Aircraft Commission” established under Staff Lt.Col. Süreyya İlmen, was the first organization which was founded in 1 June 1911. Publications centered on this idea used the same source “Aircraft and Balloon History in Turkey” which was written by Süreyya İlmen in Turkish General Staff Archives. Although Süreyya İlmen stated no date in his reports or in his book, all studies prepared upon this subject stated 1 June 1911 as the day which Aircraft Commission founded. In this article, it is clarified using new archive documents that Aircraft Commision was not founded by Süreyya İlmen, instead first commission was founded in 1 June 1911 under Staff Lt.Col. İsmail Bey who was assigned to 2’nd Branch of Department of War. In the study, it was explained in details that the commission founded under Süreyya İlmen for the establishment of “Aircraft School and Center” in March 1912. With this study the birth of Turkish Military Aviation was brought up with new documents. In this article, the first Tayyare Commission which was considered as the foundation of the Air Force, was established on the basis of archival documents established by Chief of Staff Colonel İsmail Bey, who served as Chief of Staff Colonel Süreyya İlmen at the 2'nd point of Erkan-ı Harbiye Dairesi on 1 June 1911. It was discussed in detail that the commission established under the presidency of Staff Colonel Sureyya (İlmen) Bey, who is one of the most important figures in the establishment period of the Turkish aviation, was formed in March 1912 with the aim of establishing the Tayyare School and Center. With this study, the establishment of Turkish Military Aviation is being reevaluated in the light of new documents.