In contemporary world, where a very rapid change and transformation are experienced through the influence of the developments in science and technology, economic borders between countries are rapidly disappearing which naturally calls forth an increasing competition and ever-changing markets. This case makes it more and more difficult for enterprises to gain competitive advantage and even sustain their existence. Ordinary capabilities that firms utilize while performing their activities are insufficient to provide a sustainable competitive advantage in this challenging path. One of the most important forces in order to have the competitive advantage is to have some green core competences. Undoubtedly, enterprises are seen as important actors or responsible institutions for environmental problems such as global climate change, pollution, erosion and the disappearance of species. Within this scope, businesses immediately need to adapt their existing business patterns to the environmentally friendly systems that are balanced in the environment, society and profit dimensions, which will provide significant gains by building green core competencies. The purpose of this study is to explain a new concept "Green Core Competence", which has been studied very little in foreign literature and which has not been studied in Turkish literature yet, and to evaluate it in terms of providing sustainable competitive advantage. According to our evaluations, the development of green core competences has a strategic role in achieving environmentally sensitive production which is increasingly becoming an important field day by day in the sustainable competitive advantage of businesses.