The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats

KABAKÇI, Murat; SELVİLER SİZER, Sedef; onuk, burcu; KABAK, YONCA BETIL

doi:10.33988/auvfd.430289

The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats

Murat KABAKÇI, (Ondokuz Mayıs University)

Burcu ONUK, (Ondokuz Mayıs University)

Sedef SELVİLER SİZER, (Ondokuz Mayıs University)

Yonca Betil KABAK (Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi)

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

4 0

Yıl: 2019 Cilt: 66 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 177 - 183 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.33988/auvfd.430289 İndeks Tarihi: 13-12-2019

The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats

Öz:

Sympathetic ganglions located in the cervical region are important organs that make the final synapse of the sympathetic nerve fibers reached to the head, neck, and forelimbs. As far as we know, there are not any anatomical data about cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goat. In this study, we determined the nerve branches separated from the ganglia and the location of the ganglia. We also determined the expression of some enzymes and proteins such as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and substance P (SP) in ganglia. Ganglion cervicale craniale (GCC) was on the medial side of bulla tympanica. Mainly branches named as nn. carotici interni, n. jugularis and nn. carotici externi was found to be separated from this ganglion and thin branches joined to the nearby nerve. It was found that n. vertebralis, the two branches that constitute the ansa subclavian, and the thin nerve branches involved in the surrounding tissues and organs separated from ganglion cervicothoracicum (GCT) that located in the first intercostal space. A total of five ganglion cervicale medium (GCM) found at the junction of the two branches forming the ansa subclavia. Another ganglion was not found on where cervical part of truncus sympathicus in all dissections and histological examinations. DβH, TH, NPY and SP were revealed to be express in all ganglia. DβH and NPY in CCG, TH in MCG, DβH, NPY and TH in GCT were found to be more intense staining.

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Veterinerlik

Saanen keçilerinde servikal sempatik ganglion’ların anatomisi

Öz:

Cervical bölgede yer alan sempatik ganglion’lar baş, boyun ve ön ektremite’lere giden sempatik sinir liflerinin son sinaps yaptığı önemli organlardır. Saanen keçisinde servikal sempatik ganglion’lara ait anatomik bilgiye rastlanılmadı. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma ile bahsi geçen ganglion’ların yeri, ganglion’dan ayrılan sinir kolları ve ganglion’lardaki dopamin β-hidroksilaz (DβH), tirozin hidroksilaz (TH), Neuropeptid Y (NYP) ve Substans P (SP) gibi bazı enzim ve protein expresyonu belirlendi. Bulla tympanica’nın medial’inde yer alan ganglion cervicale craniale (GCC)’den başlıca nn. carotici interni, n. jugularis, n. caroticus externus ve çevre sinirlere katılan ince kollar ayrıldığı görüldü. Birinci interkostal aralıkta yer alan ganglion cervicothoracicum (GCT)’dan başlıca n. vertebralis, ansa subclavia’yı oluşturan iki kol ve çevre doku ve organlara katılan ince sinir kollarının ayrıldığı belirlendi. Ansa subclavia’yı oluşturan iki kolun birleşim yerinde toplam 5 adet ganglion cervicale medium (GCM)’a rastlandı. Yapılan tüm diseksiyon ve histolojik incelemelerde truncus symphaticus’un cervical bölümünde başka bir gangliona rastlanmadı. DβH, TH, NPY ve SP’nin tüm ganglion’larda exprese olduğu, GCC’de DβH ve NPY’nin, GCM’da TH’ın, GCT’da DβH, NPY ve TH’ın daha yoğun boyanma gösterdiği belirlendi.

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Veterinerlik

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1. Akers RM, Denbow DM (2013): Anatomy and Physiology of Domestic Animals. Markono Print Media Pte Ltd, Singapore.
2. Arciszewskia MB, Wasowicz K (2006): Neurochemical properties of the middle cervical ganglion in the sheep. Ann Anat, 188, 75-83.
3. Baffi J, Görcs T, Slowik F, et al. (1992): Neuropeptides in the human superior cervical ganglion. Brain Res, 570, 272-278.
4. Bergner AJ, Murphy SM, Anderson CR (2000): After axotomy, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide expression occurs in pilomotor neurons in the rat superior cervical ganglion. Neuroscience, 96, 611-618.
5. Criscione L, Wyss P, Stricker-Krongrad A, et al. (1998): The pharmacology of neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptor-mediated feeding in rats characterizes better Y5 than Y1, but not Y2 or Y4 subtypes. Regul Pept, 75- 76, 363-371.
6. Cui-Sheng, Wang JL, Xie ZM (1998): The gross anatomy of the cranial cervical ganglion and its branches in the Bacterian camel (Camelus bactrianus). Vet Res Commun, 22, 1-5.
7. Çakır A (2001): The morphology of cranial cervical ganglion in the New Zealand Rabbit. Vet J Ankara Univ, 48, 83-87.
8. Darvesh S, Nance DM, Hopkins DA (1987): Distribution of neuropeptide-like immunoreactivity in intact and chronically decentralized middle cervical and stellate ganglia of dogs. J Auton Nerv Syst, 21, 167-180.
9. De Felipe C, Herrero JF, O'Brien JA, et al. (1998): Altered nociception, analgesia and aggression in mice lacking the receptor for substance P. Nature, 392(6674), 394-7.
10. Ebner K, Rupniak NM, Saria A, Singewald N. (2004): Substance P in the medial amygdala: Emotional stress-sensitive release and modulation of anxiety-related behavior in rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 101(12), 4280–4285.
11. Fujisawa K, Ito Y (1982): The effects of substance P on smooth muscle cells and on neuro-effector transmission in the guinea-pig ileum. Br J Pharmacol, 76(2), 279–290
12. Gibbins IL, Jobling P, Messenger JP et al. (2000): Neuronal morphology and the synaptic organization of sympathetic ganglia. J Autonomic Nervous System, 81, 104-109.
13. Happola O, Lakomy M, Majewski M et al. (1993): Distribution of neuropeptides in the porcine stellate ganglion. Cell Tissue Res, 274, 181-187.
14. Kabak M, Orhan İÖ, Hazıroğlu RM (2005): Macro anatomical investigations of the cranial cervical ganglion in domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus). Anat Histol Embryol, 34, 199-202.
15. Kabak M, Onuk B (2010): Macro anatomical investigations of the cranial cervical ganglion in Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus). Vet J Ankara Univ, 57, 1-6.
16. Kabak M, Onuk B, Demirci B (2015): Macroanatomical investigation of the cervicothoracic ganglion in Roe Deer, Capreolus capreolus. Pakistan J Zool, 47(6), 1555-1561.
17. Kalsey G, Mukherjee RN, Patnaik VVG (2000): A comparative study of cervical sympathetic chain. J Anat Soc India, 49, 26-30.
18. Kara CO, Topuz B (2002): Horner’s syndrome after excision of cervical sympathetic chain schwannoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 127, 127-128.
19. Karasek M, Zielinska A, Marek K, et al. (2002): Effect of superior cervical ganglionectomy on the ultrastructure of pinealocytes in the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus): quantitative study. Neuro Endocrinol Lett, 23, 443-446.
20. Karhula T (1995): Comparison of immunohistochemical localization of [Met5] enkephalin–Arg6–Gly7–Leu8, [Met5] enkephalin, neuropeptide Y and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat. J Auton Nerv Syst, 51, 9-18.
21. Kennedy JM, Zochodne DW (2002): Influence of experimental diabetes on the microcirculation of injured peripheral nerve: functional and morphological aspects. Diabetes, 51(7), 2233-2240.
22. Kim JJ, Chung RK, Lee HS, et al. (2010): The changes of heart rate variability after unilateral stellate ganglion block. Korean J Anesthesiol, 58(1), 56-60.
23. Kokot F, Ficek R (1999): Effect of neuropeptide Y on appetite. Miner Electrolyte Metab, 25(4-6), 303-305. Abstract
24. Kummer W, Heym C (1988): Neuropeptide distribution in the cervico-thoracic paravertebral ganglia of the cat with particular reference to calcitonin generelated peptide immunoreactivity. Cell Tissue Res, 252, 463-471.
25. Luna LG (1968): Manual of Histologic Staining Methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. McGraw-Hill book Company, New York.
26. Maeda KI, Mori Y, Kano Y (1986): Superior cervical ganglionectomy prevents gonadal regression and increased plasma prolactin concentrations induced by long days in goats. J Endocrinol, 110(1), 137-144.
27. McKibben JS (1975): Autonomic nervous system. 1151-1161. In: R Getty (Ed), Sisson and Grossman’s The Anatomy of The Domestic Animals. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
28. McManis PG, Schmelzer JD, Zollman PJ, et al. (1997): Blood flow and autoregulation in somatic and autonomic ganglia. Comparison with sciatic nerve. Brain, 120(3), 445-449.
29. Monteiro ML, Coppeto JR (1988): Horner's syndrome associated with carotid artery atherosclerosis. Am J Ophthalmol, 15, 93-104.
30. Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria (2017): International Committee on Veterinary Gross Anatomical Nomenclature (ICVGAN), Published by the Editorial Committee, Hannover.
31. Ozgel O, Kurtul I, Dursun N (2004): On the gross anatomy of the cranial cervical ganglion of the donkey (Equus asinus) in Turkey. Vet Res Commun, 28, 261-266.
32. Ozgel O, Duzler A, Dursun N et al. (2009): The Morphology of the Cervico thoracic sympathetic system in donkeys (Equus asinus L.). Anat Histol Embryol, 38, 139-144.
33. Pather N, Partab P, Singh B et al. (2006): Cervicothoracic ganglion: its clinical implications. Clin Anat, 19, 323-329.
34. Shao BP, Ding YP, Xie ZH, et al. (2007): The cranial cervical ganglion and its branches in yak (Bos grunniens). Vet J, 173, 174-177.
35. Stromberg MW (1965): The autonomic nervous system. 634-636. In: ME Miller, GC Chistensen, HE Evans (Ed), Anatomy of the Dog. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
36. Yu JH, Burns SM, Schneyer CA. (1983): Salivary secretion induced by substance P. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 173(4), 467-70.

APA	KABAKÇI M, onuk b, SELVİLER SİZER S, KABAK Y (2019). The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats. , 177 - 183. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
Chicago	KABAKÇI Murat,onuk burcu,SELVİLER SİZER Sedef,KABAK YONCA BETIL The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats. (2019): 177 - 183. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
MLA	KABAKÇI Murat,onuk burcu,SELVİLER SİZER Sedef,KABAK YONCA BETIL The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats. , 2019, ss.177 - 183. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
AMA	KABAKÇI M,onuk b,SELVİLER SİZER S,KABAK Y The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats. . 2019; 177 - 183. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
Vancouver	KABAKÇI M,onuk b,SELVİLER SİZER S,KABAK Y The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats. . 2019; 177 - 183. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
IEEE	KABAKÇI M,onuk b,SELVİLER SİZER S,KABAK Y "The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats." , ss.177 - 183, 2019. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
ISNAD	KABAKÇI, Murat vd. "The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats". (2019), 177-183. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.430289

APA	KABAKÇI M, onuk b, SELVİLER SİZER S, KABAK Y (2019). The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 66(2), 177 - 183. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
Chicago	KABAKÇI Murat,onuk burcu,SELVİLER SİZER Sedef,KABAK YONCA BETIL The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 66, no.2 (2019): 177 - 183. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
MLA	KABAKÇI Murat,onuk burcu,SELVİLER SİZER Sedef,KABAK YONCA BETIL The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol.66, no.2, 2019, ss.177 - 183. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
AMA	KABAKÇI M,onuk b,SELVİLER SİZER S,KABAK Y The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019; 66(2): 177 - 183. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
Vancouver	KABAKÇI M,onuk b,SELVİLER SİZER S,KABAK Y The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019; 66(2): 177 - 183. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
IEEE	KABAKÇI M,onuk b,SELVİLER SİZER S,KABAK Y "The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats." Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 66, ss.177 - 183, 2019. 10.33988/auvfd.430289
ISNAD	KABAKÇI, Murat vd. "The anatomy of cervical sympathetic ganglia in Saanen goats". Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 66/2 (2019), 177-183. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.430289