Objective: This research was conducted in order to evalu- ate the knowledge level of nurses about parenteral and enteral nutrition practices and determine the relevant fac- tors. Method: It is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The study was carried out at two hospitals. The sample was composed of 142 nurses. Nurses knowledge levels of ente- ral and parenteral nutrition practices were assessed using Knowledge Questionnaire for Parenteral Nutrition Practices and Knowledge Questionnaire for Enteral Nutrition Practices. Results: Mean age of sample was 24,4 years and 60.6% of them had bachelor’s degree. Nurses (66.2%) reported that they were not trained for nutrition practices. It was found that nurses had moderate knowledge about enteral and parenteral (mean questionnaire scores were 13.45±3.31 vs 7.13±2.80 points) nutrition practices. Most common incor- rectly answered questions were about storage places and duration of enteral nutrition products, residual gastric volume and medication administration through enteral feeding tubes (78.2%, 73.9% and 71.1% of the responses, respectively). The most frequent erroneous answers given by respective percentages of nurses were about ideal route for transfusion of parenteral solutions with osmolarities greater than 900 mOsm/l during parenteral nutrition prac- tice (83.8%), the administration of medications through the central intravenous catheters (76.8%) and factors that increase the risk of infection in parenteral practices (64.8%). Surgical nurses obtained statistically significantly lower scores from Knowledge Questionnaire for Enteral Nutrition Practices and Knowledge Questionnaire for Parenteral Nutrition Practices than those working in medi- cal wards or intensive care units (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study results have shown that knowledge of nurses about enteral or parenteral nutrition needs to be rein- forced through theoretical and practical training courses.