Social and economic rights are of great importance in the realization of a social state. Generally the aims of these rights are setting social justice, preventing social inequality, protecting the vulnerable groups within the society and ensuring that they live in a way that is appropriate to human dignity. Within this context unlike the classical rights, these social rights impose a number of positive actions on the state. Hence, in the Article 48 of 1982 Constitution it is regulated that everyone has the freedom to work and conclude contracts in the field of one’s own choices and that the state shall take measures to ensure increase in life quality of the employees, to protect employees and unemployed in order to improve the working life, to support working, to create an economic environment convenient for protection of unemployment and to ensure labor peace. Additionally, Article 49 states that the work is the right and duty of everyone. On the other hand, although it is expressed in a singular form, there are many other constitutionally guaranteed rights complementing this right those are closely related to the right to work. As a matter of fact, the right to wage, the right to vacation, the right to rest, job security, labor and social security rights and collective trade union rights are within this scope. Within this frame in our study, the development of the social rights and the legal nature are discussed within the light of social state and then the right to labor and freedom of work are evaluated with the Constitutional Court decisions.