One of the important issues of our national culture is namegiving. The place names (Toponomy), which is one of the branches of onomasiology, has become more important in terms of making a piece of land homeland. Throughout history, Turkish nation, established more than 100 countries in varios part of world that 16 of them are big countries and created an excellent culture, has needed to make places they spreaded homeland by namin montains, plains, rivers and streams. Turks entering Anatolia, gave new names reflecting their culture to the places they lived in a short time. A number of names from the ancient Anatolian civilizations either remained exactly the same or they gained a new way of saying and writing in Turkish. Because, people mostly searched for the origin of the names of the places in the region where they lived, wanted to know why they were named like that and wanted to establish a harmony and closeness between the names and the places they lived. Thus, It has formed a chain of beliefs and legends related to the place names that spoken for centuries and transferred from generation to generation. In fact, the names of the places not only were affaceted by the human communities that settled there, but also from characteristics of natural environment of the region such as structure of the earth, climatic conditions, vegetation and creatures living around, and from their economic and cultural products. Under this influence, places are named, and so the place names and people living aroun have integrated with the environment. Birecik district of Sanliurfa is situated in The Middle Euphrates Part of Souteastern Anatolian region. In this study, it is purposed to classify the village names with geographical approach according to their natural, social and economical features. In doing so, it is also purpoed to contribute to examine sources of place names and determine its importance that it constitutes our cultural richness.