It was not until the early period of the XX. century when the Ottoman society met with motor vehicles. Although these vehicles were prohibited to avoid accidents at the outset, they became prevalent in the country over time and became a part of life. Thus, while a new period started in the transportation sector, traffic accidents was faced on the other hand. In this study, Ottoman society's being acquainted with traffic and traffic accidents, the reasons of these accidents and the measures taken by the authorities are examined, and the government's regulations and efforts to benefit from international experiences on the matter seeing that accidents are generally stemmed from vehicle, driver or road faults are tried to be revealed. In the study that predominantly covers the II. Constitutional Monarchy period, limited number of secondary resources and documents from the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archive has been used.