The volume of international trade showed a significant increase in the 19th century compared with previous periods. Therefore this period is called the first wave of the globalization. The main reasons for the growth in trade were the developments in the production technologies and, transportation facilities in accordance with the Industrial Revolution. The intellectual foundations of free trade that were put forward in the first half of the 19th century affected the policy implications closely in the second half of the 19th century. It is possible to speak of a large-scaled integrated world economy at the beginning of the 20th century. This integration and commercial expansion showed their selves in the foreign trade of the Ottoman Empire. The volume of foreign trade of the Ottoman Empire increased significantly as it witnessed the intense competition between the western powers especially in the last quarter of the century. Free trade treaties signed in conjunction with the economic and political power of the trading partners were effective in the formation of the foreign trade of the Ottoman Empire as well as distance, population and cultural affinity. The Gravity Model enables the use of economic size, population, and geographical distance between countries as explanatory variables in determining trade flows between countries. In this framework, the foreign trade of the Ottoman Empire in the period 1878-1900 is analyzed using the Gravity Model in this study. According to the findings; the Gravity Model ise valid for the explanation of the commercial relationship between the Ottoman Empire and her trading partners in the mentioned period. When the geographical distance between the parties increases the volume of the trade decreases. On the contrary when the economic magnitude of the parties increases the volume of the trade also increases