PURPOSEWe aimed to evaluate the success and failure rates and minor and major complications of percutaneous drainage of retroperitoneal abscesses.METHODSBetween 1990 and 2010, percutaneously drained 170 retroperitoneal abscesses in 150 patients (83 males, 67 females, median age 44.2 years, age range, 1–86 years) were included retrospectively. Percutaneous drainage of retroperitoneal abscesses was performed under the guidance of ultrasonography and fluoroscopy or computed tomography. Six abscesses were drained viasingle needle aspiration whereas 164 abscesses were drained via catheters of 6–14 F caliber using the Seldinger technique.RESULTSWhen all retroperitoneal abscesses are considered, success rates were found as follows: 75.3% cure (128/170), 7.7% temporization (13/170), 4.1% palliation (7/170). Failure rate was 12.9% (22/170). Recurrence rate was 10.6% (18/170), and 13 of the recurred abscesses were treated via second session percutaneous drainage. Mortality rate was 2.7% (4/150).CONCLUSIONPercutaneous drainage is the first treatment option for retroperitoneal abscesses due to procedural reliability, elimination of need for general anesthesia, better tolerability, and lower morbidity and mortality rates compared with the surgical methods. High cure, temporization, or palliation rates can be obtained via imaging-guided percutaneous drainage for all retroperitoneal abscesses with a safe access route.