After the declaration of the Republic, changes in the political and social structure advances in the direction of the course of modernisation determined by the state. The lifestyles brought about particularly by urbanisation and urban life carries the 20th century Turkey towards a non-traditional place. Reforms are fundamental for the Republican-period Turkey, which will be shaped by the dynamics of the society where it flourishes. The reforms that will materialise under etatism will not only be limited to the political structure but will also reinforce cultural nationalism under the national conscience. So much so that Community Houses sponsored by the state will be established during the single-party period and artists will be sent to Anatolia, to acquaint the residents of rural areas with the new ways of art. Şeref Akdik, an artist of the early Republican period, is one of the Revolutionary painters. He depicts the modern life flourishing in the course of urbanisation, new living spaces, Turkish woman with her new image, developing areas of industry and working class. This study discusses the urbanisation phenomenon of the early republican period, in terms of new workspaces and the users of these workspaces, as well as a slice of their changing lives, within the context of the paintings of the artist Şeref Akdik, from the 1930s to the 1960s.