Sarcopenia is defined as, skeletal muscle dysfunction associated withage, chronic diseases, cancer, nutrition problems and physical inactivity. Thepathophysiology of sarcopenia seems to involve degeneration of neurogenic,musculogenic, synaptogenic and vasculogenic systems, mitochondrial dysfunction,metabolic factors and inflammatory mechanisms. Early detection of sarcopeniain older adults and patients is important to prevent morbidity, functional declineand death and the diagnosis requires assessment of muscle mass, muscle strengthand physical performance. The strongest evidences in the treatment of sarcopeniaare probably associated with the positive effects of resistance exercises on musclestrength, muscle mass and physical performance. Also protein intake needs to beincreased. Positive results have been reported on supplementation with leucine, β‐hydroxy β‐methylbutyrate, Omega 3 and Vitamin D. Antioxidant intake naturallyfrom food is recommended. There are promising studies related to angiotensinreceptor blockers, oral anti-diabetic drugs. Interventions to prevent sarcopenia,treatment of the primarily responsible disease, suppression of inflammation, andtreatment of metabolic syndromes constitute the basic components of a successfultreatment.