Yıl: 2019 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4 Sayfa Aralığı: 295 - 303 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026 İndeks Tarihi: 05-11-2020

An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature

Öz:
Objective: The coronoid fossa and the olecranon fossa located on the distal end of the humerus are separated by a thin bone sep-tum. This septum may be translucent or opaque. In some cases, this septum may become perforated, and it is called supratrochlear foramen. The aim of the present study was to describe the morphology of the supratrochlear foramen of the humerus.Methods: This study was conducted on 108 dry humeri (right (R): 56, left (L): 52) belonging to adults whose age, gender, and racial properties are unknown. They were examined to determine the presence of the supratrochlear foramen. The shapes of the supra-trochlear foramen were determined, and their diameters were measured.Results: The supratrochlear foramen was observed in 11 cases on the right side and 11 cases on the left side. On the right side, 5 foramens were detected to be round-shaped, 3 oval-shaped, and 3 kidney-shaped, whereas on the left side, 6 foramens were detected to be oval-shaped and 5 round-shaped. Of the 86 dry humeri with no supratrochlear foramen, 57 (R: 30, L: 27) had a translucent septum, and 29 (R: 15, L: 14) had an opaque septum.Conclusion: It is apparent that the supratrochlear foramen has been evaluated on bones generally in the literature, and there are differences in incidence rates. Owing to the clinical significance of this formation, it is thought that studying on a wider population of living individuals using radiologic imaging methods will contribute to the literature. In addition, although there are different terms used to express this formation in the literature, it is thought that adopting the name, which is commonly used as supratroch-lear foramen, is most appropriate.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • 1. Öztürk A, Kutlu C, Bayraktar B, Ari Z, Sahinoglu K. The supratrochle-ar foramen in the humerus: anatomical study. Ist Tip Fak Mecmuasi 2000; 63: 72-6.
  • 2. Mahitha B, Jitendra R, Janaki V, Navakalyani T. Supratrochlear fo-ramen of humerus in telangana state: a morphometric study. Int J Anat Res 2016; 4: 2450-3. [CrossRef ]
  • 3. Kumar U, Sukumar C, Sirisha V, Rajesh V, Murali Krishna S, Kalpana T. Morphologic and Morphometric Study of Supra Trochlear Fora-men of Dried Human Humeri Of Telangana Region. Int J Cur Res Rev 2015; 7: 95-8.
  • 4. De Wilde V, De Maeseneer M, Lenchik L, Van Roy P, Beeckman P, Osteaux M. Normal osseous variants presenting as cystic or lucent areas on radiography and CT imaging: a pictorial overview. Eur J Ra-diol 2004; 51: 77-84. [CrossRef ]
  • 5. Erdogmus S, Guler M, Eroglu S, Duran N. The importance of the supratrochlear foramen of the humerus in humans: an anatomical study. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20: 2643. [CrossRef ]
  • 6. Bhanu PS, Sankar KD. Anatomical note of supratrochlear foramen of humerus in south costal population of Andhra Pradesh. NMJ 2012; 1: 28-34.
  • 7. Joshi MM, Kishve PS, Wabale RN. A morphometric study of supra-trochlear foramen of the humerus in western indian dry bone sam-ple. Int J Anat Res 2016; 4: 2609-13. [CrossRef ]
  • 8. Hirsh IS. The supratrochlear foramen: clinical and anthropological considerations. Am J Surg 1927; 2: 500-5. [CrossRef ]
  • 9. Naqshi BF, Shah AB, Gupta S, Raina S, Khan HA, Gupta N, et al. Su-pratrochlear foramen: an anatomic and clinico-radiological assess-ment. Int J Health Sci Res 2015; 5: 146-50.
  • 10. Diwan RK, Rani A, Rani A, Chopra J, Srivastava AK, Sharma PK, et al. Incidence of supratrochlear foramen of humerus in North Indian population. Biomed Res 2013; 24: 142-5.
  • 11. Savitha V, Dakshayani K. Study of supratrochlear foramen of humer-us. Int J Anat Res 2016; 4: 2979-83. [CrossRef ]
  • 12. Jadhav SD, Zambare BR. Supratrochlear foramen and its clinical sig-nificance. Asian J Biomed Pharmaceut Sci 2015; 5: 13-5. [CrossRef ]
  • 13. Paraskevas GK, Natsis K, Anastasopoulos N, Ioannidis O, Kitsoulis P. Humeral septal aperture associated with supracondylar process: a case report and review of the literature. Ital J Anat Embryol 2012; 117: 135-41.
  • 14. Kumarasamy SA, Subramanian M, Gnanasundaram V, Subramanian A, Ramalingam R. Study of intercondyloid foramen of humerus. Rev Arg de Anat Clin 2011; 3: 32-6.
  • 15. Mathew AJ, Gopidas GS, Sukumaran TT. A study of the supratroch-lear foramen of the humerus: anatomical and clinical perspective. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10: 5-8. [CrossRef ]
  • 16. Veerappan V, Ananthi S, Gopal N, Kannan G, Prabhu K. Anatomical and radiological study of supratrochlear foramen of humerus. World J Pharm Pharm Sci 2013; 2: 313-20.
  • 17. Li J, Mao Q, Li W, Li X. An anatomical study of the supratrochlear foramen of the Jining population. Turk Journal Med Sci 2015; 45: 1369-73. [CrossRef ]
  • 18. Mayuri J, Aparna T, Pradeep P, Smita M. Anatomical study of supra-trochlear foramen of humerus. J Res Med Dent Sci 2017; 1: 33-5.
  • 19. Hima BA, Narasinga RB. Supratrochlear foramen-a phylogenıc rem-nant. Int J Intg Med Sci 2013; 3: 130-2.
  • 20. Burute P, Singhal S, Priyadarshini S. Supratrochlear Foramen; mor-phological correlation and clinical significance in western maha-rashtrian population. IJA 2016; 5: 275-9. [CrossRef ]
  • 21. Ramamurthi K. Morphometric analysis of supratrochlear foramen of humerus in south indian population. Sch Acad J Biosci 2016; 4: 908-10.
  • 22. Mahajan A. Supratrochlear foramen; study of humerus in North In-dians. Professional Med J 2011; 18: 128-32.
  • 23. Kubicka AM, Myszka A, Piontek J. Geometric morphometrics: does the appearance of the septal aperture depend on the shape of ulnar processes? Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2015; 298: 2030-8.[CrossRef ]
  • 24. Williams E, Weinstock J, Spencer N. Holey Goats: Multiple Cases of Supratrochlear Foramina in the Humerus of Caprines from the New Kingdom Pharaonic Town of Amara West, Northern Sudan. Envir Ar-chaeol 2017: 1-6. [CrossRef ]
  • 25. Arunkumar K, Manoranjitham R, Raviraj K, Dhanalakshmi V. Mor-phological study of supratrochlear foramen of humerus and its clin-ical implications. Int J Anat Res 2015; 3: 1321-5. [CrossRef ]
  • 26. Chagas CA, Gutfiten-Schlesinger G, Leite TF, Pires LA, Silva JG. Ana-tomical and Radiological Aspects of the Supratrochlear Foramen in Brazilians. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10: AC10-3. [CrossRef ]
  • 27. Koyun N, Aydinlioğlu A, Gümrukcüoğlu FN. Aperture in coro-noid-olecranon septum: A radiological evaluation. Indian J Orthop 2011; 45: 392-5. [CrossRef ]
  • 28. Varalakshmi K, Shetty S, Sulthana Q. Study of Supratrochlear fora-men of humerus and its clinical importance. J Dent Med Sci 2014; 13: 68-70.[CrossRef ]
  • 29. Nayak SR, Das S, Krishnamurthy A, Prabhu LV, Potu BK. Supratroch-lear foramen of the humerus: An anatomico-radiological study with clinical implications. Ups J Med Sci 2009; 114: 90-4.[CrossRef ]
  • 30. Singhal S, Rao V. Supratrochlear foramen of the humerus. Anat Sci Int 2007; 82: 105-7.[CrossRef ]
  • 31. Soni S, Verma M, Ghulyani T, Saxena A. Supratrochlear foramen: An incidental finding in the foothills of Himalayas. OA Case Reports 2013; 2: 75-6. [CrossRef ]
  • 32. Paraskevas GK, Papaziogas B, Tzaveas A, Giaglis G, Kitsoulis P, Natsis K. The supratrochlear foramen of the humerus and its relation to the medullary canal: a potential surgical application. Med Sci Monit 2010; 16: BR119-23.
  • 33. Akpinar F, Aydinlioglu A, Tosun N, Dogan A, Tuncay I, Ünal Ö. A morphometric study on the humerus for intramedullary fixation. Tohoku J Exp Med 2003; 199: 35-42. [CrossRef ]
  • 34. Ndou R, Smith P, Gemell R, Mohatla O. The supratrochlear foramen of the humerus in a South African dry bone sample. Clin Anat 2013; 26: 870-4.[CrossRef ]
  • 35. Ndou R. The significance of the supratrochlear aperture (STA) in el-bow range of motion: an anatomical study. Anat Sci Int 2016: 1-10. [CrossRef ]
  • 36. Patel SV, Sutaria LK, Nayak TV, Kanjiya DP, Patel BM, Aterkar SH. Morphometric study of supratrochlear foramen of humerus. Int J Biomed Adv Res 2013; 4: 89-92. [CrossRef ]
  • 37. Krishnamurthy A, Yelicharla AR, Takkalapalli A, Munishamappa V, Bovinndala B, Chandramohan M. Supratrochlear foramen of humer-us–a morphometric study. Int J Biol Med Res 2011; 2: 829-31.
  • 38. Kaur J, Zorasingh. Supratrochlear foramen of humerus-A morpho-metric study. Indian J Basic Applied Med Res 2013; 7: 651-4.
  • 39. Shivaleela C, Afroze KH, Lakshmiprabha S. An osteological study of supratrochlear foramen of humerus of south Indian population with reference to anatomical and clinical implications. Anat Cell Biol 2016; 49: 249-53. [CrossRef ]
  • 40. Papaloucas C, Papaloucas M, Stergioulas A. Rare cases of humerus sep-tal apertures in Greeks. Trends Med Res 2011; 6: 178-83. [CrossRef ]
  • 41. Sahajpal DT, Pichora D. Septal aperture: an anatomic variant predis-posing to bilateral low-energy fractures of the distal humerus. Can J Surg 2006; 49: 363-4.
  • 42. Mays S. Septal aperture of the humerus in a mediaeval human skel-etal population. Am J Phys Anthropol 2008; 136: 432-40.[CrossRef ]
  • 43. Akabori E. Septal apertures in the humerus in Japanese, Ainu and Koreans. Am J Phys Anthropol 1934; 18: 395-400. [CrossRef ]
  • 44. Ming‐Tzu PA. Septal apertures in the humerus in the Chinese. Am J Phys Anthropol 1935; 20: 165-70.[CrossRef ]
  • 45. FCAT. Terminologia anatomica: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1998.
  • 46. Haziroglu RM, Ozer M. A supratrochlear foramen in the humerus of cattle. Anat Histol Embryol 1990; 19: 106-8. [CrossRef ]
  • 47. Das S. Supratrochlear foramen of the humerus. Anat Sci Int 2008; 83: 120.[CrossRef ]
  • 48. Benfer RA, McKern TW. The correlation of bone robusticity with the perforation of the coronoid‐olecranon septum in the humerus of man. Am J Phys Anthropol 1966; 24: 247-52.[CrossRef ]
  • 49. Glanville EV. Perforation of the coronoid‐olecranon septum hume-ro‐ulnar relationships in Netherlands and African populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 1967; 26: 85-92. [CrossRef ]
  • 50. Trotter M. Septal apertures in the humerus of American whites and negroes. Am J Phys Anthropol 1934; 19: 213-27.[CrossRef ]
  • 51. Myszka A, Trzciński D. Septal aperture and osteoarthritis-the same or independent origins? Adv Anthropol 2015; 5: 116-21.[CrossRef ]
  • 52. Dang B, Malik VS, Parmar P. Supratrochlear foramen: incidence, im-portance and clinical implications in North-Indian Population. Int J Intg Med Sci 2016; 3: 265-9.[CrossRef ]
  • 53. Veerappan V, Thotakura B, Aruna S, Kannan G, Narayanan GKB. Study of intercondylar foramen of humerus - clinical and radiologi-cal aspect. IOSR-JNHS 2013; 2: 24-7. [CrossRef ]
  • 54. Blakely RL, Marmouze RJ, Wynne DD. The incidence of the perfora-tion of the coronoid-olecran septum in the middle mississippian population of Dickson Mounds, Fulton County, Illinois. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 1968; 78: 73-82.
APA Bahşi i (2019). An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature. , 295 - 303. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
Chicago Bahşi ilhan An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature. (2019): 295 - 303. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
MLA Bahşi ilhan An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature. , 2019, ss.295 - 303. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
AMA Bahşi i An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature. . 2019; 295 - 303. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
Vancouver Bahşi i An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature. . 2019; 295 - 303. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
IEEE Bahşi i "An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature." , ss.295 - 303, 2019. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
ISNAD Bahşi, ilhan. "An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature". (2019), 295-303. https://doi.org/10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
APA Bahşi i (2019). An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature. European Journal of Therapeutics, 25(4), 295 - 303. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
Chicago Bahşi ilhan An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature. European Journal of Therapeutics 25, no.4 (2019): 295 - 303. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
MLA Bahşi ilhan An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature. European Journal of Therapeutics, vol.25, no.4, 2019, ss.295 - 303. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
AMA Bahşi i An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature. European Journal of Therapeutics. 2019; 25(4): 295 - 303. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
Vancouver Bahşi i An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature. European Journal of Therapeutics. 2019; 25(4): 295 - 303. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
IEEE Bahşi i "An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature." European Journal of Therapeutics, 25, ss.295 - 303, 2019. 10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026
ISNAD Bahşi, ilhan. "An Anatomic Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen of the Humerus and Review of the Literature". European Journal of Therapeutics 25/4 (2019), 295-303. https://doi.org/10.5152/EurJTher.2019.18026