Schizophrenia, a common and serious psychiatric disorder, affects 0.5% to 1% of the world population. Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder with complex clinical findings due to various symptoms.While the etiology of schizophrenia is unknown, it is thought that chemicals in the brain, structural differences and genes have effects on the disease; environmental, psychological and social factors are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis. The development of experimental animal models allows for better understanding of the physiopathology and neurobiological bases of this disease which cannot be modeled in humans. As different experimental methods, genes such as calcineurin and neuregulin in genetic models; prenatal stress in developmental models; drugs such as dopaminergic agonist in pharmaceutical and chemical models; hippocampal lesion is used in the production of experimental animal models. Low energy, lack of motivation, delusion, hallucinations, inability to understand and learning, memory attenuation etc. are known as symptoms of schizophrenia. In experimental animal models produced by different methods, behavioral test models are used to determine which symptoms occur. Among these test methods, prepulse inhibition and new object recognition tests are mostly used. The new object recognition test is related to the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia while the prepulse inhibition test is related to its positive symptoms. In order to understand the basics of this disease, which is formed by genetic, developmental and chemical models, and to develop new treatments, we reached a conclusion that more advanced experimental animal models should be developed and used in more comprehensive studies.