The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle
Yıl: 2019 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 135 - 143 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.30607/kvj.478100 İndeks Tarihi: 04-02-2021
The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle
Öz: In general, bacterial pathogens are the focus of mastitis studies. Symptoms of mastitis may be absent in cases of viral infection, becauseother clinical symptoms are more dominant. Subclinical mastitis cases cannot be generally diagnosed and as a consequence, they are notinvestigated very well. This may lead to the inability of viral agents to be predicted in bovine subclinical cases. There are many viral agentsassociated with bovine mastitis and which may cause subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle. However, since viral infections have not been muchinvestigated in mastitis studies, strategies developed against subclinical mastitis may be inadequate. Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3),Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) could cause clinical and subclinical mastitis. The aim of the present studywas to investigate the presence and prevalence of BPIV-3, BPV, and BHV-1 viral agents in subclinical mastitis case in Erzurum province.For this purpose, 120 bovine mammary tissues with no macroscopic lesions were collected and these tissues were examined withhistopathology and immunofluorescence methods. Thereafter, all viruses were identified with qRT-PCR in mammary tissues. The end ofhistopathologic process 78 of 120 cases (56 chronic subclinic mastitis, 22 acut mastitis) was found severity of inflammatory changes.According to the results of immunofluorescence staining for all sections. The immun positive signs for BPIV-3 BPV, and BHV-1 wasdetermined in 50 out of 120 cases. qRT-PCR results which compatible with immunofluorescence results showed that BPIV-3 agent wasdetected by the qRT-PCR in 26/120 samples, BPV-2 agent in 8/120 samples, BHV-1 agent in 16/120 samples, and BPV-1 agent in 7/120samples (only by qRT-PCR). Coinfection with BPIV-3 and BHV-1 was detected in 5/120 samples, BPIV-3, and BPV-1 in 3/120 samples,BHV-1, and BPV-2 in 2/120 samples. According to our results, although the role of viral agents in mastitis disease has not been clearlyelucidated, we have found that viral agents are common in mammary tissues with subclinical mastitis.
Anahtar Kelime: Sığırlarda Subklinik Mastitisde Sığır Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Sığır Papillomavirüsleri (BPV), Sığır Herpesvirüs 1 (BHV-1) Varlığı ve Prevalansı
Öz: Genellikle etiyolojik mastitis çalışmaları bakteriyel patojenler üzerine odaklanmıştır. Viral enfeksiyon vakalarında mastit belirtileri, diğer klinik semptomlar daha baskın olduğu için gözden kaçabilmektedir. Subklinik mastitis olguları genellikle teşhis edilemediği için çok iyi araştırılmamıştır. Bu durum sığır subklinik mastitis vakalarında viral ajanların önlenememesine yol açabilmektedir. Sığırlarda mastitis ile ilişkili ve süt sığırlarında subklinik mastite neden olabilecek birçok viral ajan tanımlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, mastitis çalışmalarında viral enfeksiyonlar çok fazla araştırılmamış olduğundan, subklinik mastitislere karşı geliştirilen stratejiler yetersiz olabilir. Sığır Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Sığır papillomavirüsleri (BPV), sığır herpes virüsü 1 (BHV-1) klinik ve subklinik mastitlerde rol aldığı düşünülen viral ajanlardır. Bu çalışmada, Erzurum ilindeki subklinik mastitis olgularındaki BPIV-3, BPV ve BHV-1 viral ajanlarının varlığının ve prevalansının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 120 büyükbaş hayvanın makroskobik olarak lezyon izlenmyen meme doku örnekleri toplandı ve bu dokular histopatoloji ve immünofloresan yöntemlerle incelendi. Ayrıca, meme dokularında belirlenen viral etkenlerin varlığı qRT-PCR ile araştırıldı. Toplanan 120 örneğe yapılan histopatolojik değerlendirme sonucunda (56 kronik mastit, 22 akut mastit) 78 örnekte yangısal değişikliklere rastlandı. Tüm dokulara uygulanan immünofloresan boyama sonuçlarına göre 120 olguda kronik mastitis tanısı konan 50 örnekte pozitif reaksiyonlara rastlandı. qRT-PCR sonuçlarına göre immunfloresan boyama sonuçlarıyla uyumlu olarak toplam 50 (%41.6) örnekte etkenlerin DNA varlıkları tespit edildi. BPIV-3 etkenine 26/120, BPV-2 etkenine 8/120, BHV-1 etkenine 16/120 oranında olduğu tespit edildi. Sadece qRT-PCR yöntemi kullanılarak 7/120 oranında BPV-1 etkenine rastlandı. Ayrıca, 5/120 oranında BPIV3 ve BHV-1, 3/120 oranında BPIV-3 ve BPV-1, 2/120 oranında ise BHV-1 ve BPV-2 etkenlerine birlikte rastlandı. Yapılan çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre, mastitis hastalığında viral ajanların rolü açık bir şekilde aydınlatılmamış olmakla birlikte, viral ajanların subklinik mastitli meme dokularında yaygın olduğunu tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
- Alkan F, Ozkul A, Karaoğlu MT, Bilge S, Akça Y, Burgu I, Yesilbag K, Oguzoglu TC. Sığırlarda viral nedenli solunum sistemi enfeksiyonlarının epidemiyolojisi. Ankara Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg. 1997; 44: 1-8.
- Bilge S. Detection of antibodies of IBR-IPV infection in blood and milk by serum neutralization test and virus isolation from milk samples in dairy cows. Ankara Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg. 1998; 45: 313–321.
- Bocaneti F, Altamura G, Corteggio A, Velescu E, Roperto F, Borzacchiello G. Bovine papillomavirus: New insights into an old disease. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2016; 63(1): 14–23.
- Bogni C, Odierno L, Raspanti C, Giraudo J, Larriestra A, Reinoso, E, Lasagno M, Ferrari M, Ducro´s E, Frigerio C, Bettera S, Pellegrino, M, Frola I, Dieser S, Vissio C. War against mastitis: current concepts on controlling bovine mastitis Pathogens. In: Me´ndez-Vilas A (ed) Science against microbial pathogens: communicating current research and technological advances. World Scientific, Singapore. 2011; 483–494.
- Espinasse J, Gilbert Y, Saurat P. Features of bovine rhinotracheitis in a dairy herd in south-western France. Rev. Med. Vet. 1974; 125: 1441–1452.
- Francis PG. Teat skin lesions and mastitis. Br. Vet. J. 1984; 140: 430–436.
- Gomes F, Henriques M. Control of Bovine Mastitis: Old and Recent Therapeutic Approaches”, Curr Microbiol. 2016;72(4): 377-82.
- Gourlay RN, Stott EJ, Espinasse J, Barle C. Isolation of Mycoplasma agalactiae var. bovis and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus from an outbreak of mastitis in France. Vet. Rec. 1974; 95: 534–535.
- Greig AS, Bannister GL. Infection of the bovine udder with bovine herpesvirus. Can. J. Comp. Med. Vet. Sci. 1965; 29: pp. 57-62.
- Hage JJ, Schukkenb YH, Dijkstraa TH, Barkemaa HW, van Valkengoedb PHR, Wentink GH. Milk production and reproduction during a subclinical bovine herpesvirus 1 infection on a dairy farm. Prev Vet Med. 1998; 34: 97-106.
- Hamad MA, Al-Shammari AM, Odisho SM, Yaseen NY. Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Papillomavirus Type 1: First Report in Iraqi Cattle. Adv Virol. 2016; 2143024.
- Kálmán D, Jánosi S, Egyed L. Role of bovine herpesvirus 4 in bacterial bovine mastitis. Microb Pathog. 2004; 37: 125- 129.
- Kawakami Y, Kaji T, Kume T, Omuro M, Hiramune T, Murase N, Matumoto M. Infection of cattle with parainfluenza 3 virus with special reference to udder infection. I. Virus isolation from milk. Jpn. J. Microbiol. 1966a; 10: 159–169.
- Kawakami Y, Kaji T, Omuro M, Maruyama Y, Hiramune T, Murase N, Matumoto M. Infection of cattle with parainfluenza 3 virus with special reference to udder infection. II. Pathology of the virus to cattle, with particular reference to the mammary gland. Jpn. J. Microbiol. 1966b; 10: 171–182.
- Kubis P, Materniak M, Kuzmak J. Comparison of nested PCR and qPCR for the detection and quantitation of BoHV6 DNA. J Virol Methods. 2013; 194: 94–101.
- Lunardi M, Alfieri AA, Otonel RAA, de Alcântara BK, Rodrigues WB, de Miranda AB. Genetic characterisation of a novel bovine papillomavirus member of the Deltapapillomavirus genus. Vet Microbiol. 2013; 162(1): 207–213.
- Martin JR, Harvey D, Montpetit C. Bovine herpetic mammillitis in Quebec. Can Vet. J. 1987; 28: 529-523.
- Molen EJ, Vecht U, Houwers DJ. A chronic indurative mastitis in sheep, associated with maedi/visna virus infection. Vet Q. 1985; 7:(2) 112-119.
- Olson C. Papillomaviruses. In: Dinter, Z., Morein, B. (Eds.), Virus Infections of Ruminants. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 1990; 189–200.
- Pangty K, Singh S, Goswami R, Saikumar G, Somvanshi R. Detection of BPV-1 and -2 and Quantification of BPV-1 by Real-Time PCR in Cutaneous Warts in Cattle and Buffaloes. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2010; 57: 185–196.
- Petrovski KR, Trajcev M, Buneski G. A review of the factors affecting the costs of bovine mastitis”, J South Afr Vet Assoc. 2006; 77: 52–60.
- Presnell J, Schreibman MP. Animal Tissue Techniques. 5th ed. London. The Johns Hopkins University Press Ltd, 1997; 269-271.
- Reid SM, Parida S, King DP, Hutchings GH, Shaw AE, Ferris NP, Zhang Z, Hillerton JE, Paton DJ. Utility of automated real-time RT-PCR for the detection of footand-mouth disease virus excreted in milk. Vet Res. 2006; 37: 121-32.
- Roberts AW, Carter GR, Carter FA. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus recovered from milk of a cow with mastitis. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1974; 164: 413.
- Sandev N, Koleva M, Bınev R, Ilieva D. Influence of enzootic leukosis virus upon the incidence of subclinical mastitis in cows at a different stage of infection. Vet. Arhiv. 2004; 74: 411-416.
- Senft B, Neudecker J. Abwehrmechanismen der bovinen Milchdru¨se. Tiera¨rztl. Praxis. 1991; 19: 357–363.
- Siegler HH, Marschang F, Morscher H. Beobachtungen u¨ber Zusammenha¨nge zwischen Virusinfectionen und boviner Mastitis. Tiera¨rztl. Umschau. 1984; 39: 602–604.
- Sharma A, Dhingra P, Pander BL, Kumar R. Bovine subclinical mastitis: prevalence and treatment with homeopathic medicine. Intl. J. Cow Sci. 2006; 2: 40-44.
- Turner AJ, Morgan IR, Sykes WE, Nicholls WA. Bovine herpes mammillitis of dairy cattle in Victoria. Aust Vet J. 1976 Apr; 52(4):170-3.
- Thonur L, Maley M, Gilray J, Crook T, Laming E, Turnbull D, Nath M, Willoughby K. One-step multiplex real time RT-PCR for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine parainfluenza virus 3. BMC Vet Res. 2012; 8: 37.
- Underwood WJ, Blauwiekel R, Schoell A. Biology and Diseases of Ruminants (Sheep, Goats, and Cattle), In: Laboratory Animal Medicine. Third Edition, 2015 Elsevier Inc. 2015; pp. 623-694.
- Yesilbag K, Güngör B. Seroprevalance of bovine respiratoty viruse in orth-Western Turkey. Trop. Anim. Health. Prod. 2008; 40: 55-60.
- Wellenberg GJ, van der Poelb WHM, Van Oirschota JT. Viral infections and bovine mastitis: a review. Vet Microbiol. 2002; 88: 27–45.
- William JB, Kirubaharan JJ, Uthuman KM, Kumanan K, Balachandran S. Survey on incidence and complications of bovine cutaneous papillomatosis. Indian Vet. J. 1992; 69: 843–844.
| APA | ALTUN S, özdemir s, SAGLAM Y (2019). The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. , 135 - 143. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| Chicago | ALTUN Serdar,özdemir selçuk,SAGLAM YAVUZ SELIM The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. (2019): 135 - 143. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| MLA | ALTUN Serdar,özdemir selçuk,SAGLAM YAVUZ SELIM The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. , 2019, ss.135 - 143. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| AMA | ALTUN S,özdemir s,SAGLAM Y The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. . 2019; 135 - 143. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| Vancouver | ALTUN S,özdemir s,SAGLAM Y The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. . 2019; 135 - 143. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| IEEE | ALTUN S,özdemir s,SAGLAM Y "The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle." , ss.135 - 143, 2019. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| ISNAD | ALTUN, Serdar vd. "The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle". (2019), 135-143. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| APA | ALTUN S, özdemir s, SAGLAM Y (2019). The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 12(2), 135 - 143. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| Chicago | ALTUN Serdar,özdemir selçuk,SAGLAM YAVUZ SELIM The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 12, no.2 (2019): 135 - 143. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| MLA | ALTUN Serdar,özdemir selçuk,SAGLAM YAVUZ SELIM The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, vol.12, no.2, 2019, ss.135 - 143. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| AMA | ALTUN S,özdemir s,SAGLAM Y The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal. 2019; 12(2): 135 - 143. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| Vancouver | ALTUN S,özdemir s,SAGLAM Y The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal. 2019; 12(2): 135 - 143. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| IEEE | ALTUN S,özdemir s,SAGLAM Y "The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle." Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 12, ss.135 - 143, 2019. 10.30607/kvj.478100 |
| ISNAD | ALTUN, Serdar vd. "The Presence and Prevalence of Bovine Parainfluenza 3 (BPIV-3), Bovine Papillomaviruses (BPV), Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle". Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 12/2 (2019), 135-143. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.478100 |
