Jurgen Habermas’ The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere is a remarkably comprehensive and paradigmatic work, which explains the genealogy of the public sphere as organization and legitimation principle of the democracies by synthesizing data from different disciplines like philosophy, sociology, history, and communication. The primary significance of this work is that the idea of "communication free from domination" was dealt with for the first time and facilitated the reconstruction of Critical Theory on a normative basis. In Habermas' philosophy, the public sphere is defined as the realm of free discussion, where individuals can join the discussion as equal citizens and speak about all social, cultural, and political matters. This sphere, which emerged and developed as a historical category peculiar to the bourgeois society, is one of the constitutive/normative elements of democracies, and enables the constitution of a rational consensus among citizens for problem-solving thanks to rational discussions. In this sense, the public sphere is conceived as therealm of rational political will formation, in which citizens could determine their destiny through free discussion. Although it is claimed in the last part of the book that these structures have dissolved since the 19th century, and that the public sphere have been undergoing a structural transformation leading to the domination of individuals, how to ideally establish the public sphere as the medium of rational political will formation always remains a central theme in the evolution of Habermas’ philosophy (albeit within different theoretical frameworks). In this article, the ways in which public sphere as a historical and normative category is dealt within the Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere are discussed. Secondly, the main debates that followed Habermas’ work and his comments on the structural transformation are tackled with.