Turkey is one of the main countries both in producing and exportingchestnut in the world. Objective of this study was to evaluate thestructure and developments in the chestnut market of Turkey sincethe 1960s. The main data were gathered from the databases of theFood and Agriculture Organization and the Turkish StatisticalInstitute. In 2016, Turkey was the second largest chestnut producerin the world with a share of 2.97%. Chestnut plantation areas inTurkey have decreased from 48,000 to 39,000 ha since 1961. Whilechestnut production increased to 90,000 tons in 1988, and decreasedto 65,000 t recently. Whereas the yield per hectare was over 2 t in1988, which decreased to 1.6 t recently, due to ink disease and cankerblight. Most of the chestnut production is traditionally sold byproducers to wholesalers; therefore, producers cannot compete withwholesalers due to lack of sufficient and effective cooperation underfarmer organization. In chestnut importation, 43,2% of tariff rate hasbeen applied. Although the net incomes per ton of the chestnutproducers have increased from 1,000 US$ to 3,500 US$ since 2001,total and per capita chestnut consumption amounts have decreasedsince the late 1980s. Turkey’s chestnut export fluctuated between1,000 t and 12,000 t depending on production and price levels and itaccounted for 4.1% of the global chestnut exportation. In recent years,Turkey has imported between 20 t and 700 t chestnut totaling of5,000-700,000 US$ in value.