Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic

kul, esra; BAYINDIR, FUNDA

doi:10.22312/sdusbed.634657

Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic

Esra KUL, (Atatürk Üniversitesi, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Protetik Diş Tedavisi Anabilim Dalı)

Funda BAYINDIR (Atatürk Üniversitesi, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Protetik Diş Tedavisi Anabilim Dalı)

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

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Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 65 - 70 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.634657 İndeks Tarihi: 06-05-2021

Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic

Öz:

Objective: The most common cause of clinical failuresin all-ceramic dental restorations is crack formation in theveneering ceramic. The aim of this study was to determinewhether graphene doping would change the characteristics ofhardness and discoloration of the ceramic veneer surface.Material-Method: Thirty disk-shaped cores (10 mm indiameter and 0.8 mm in thickness) were prepared. Threedifferent ceramic systems, IPS Empress (E) (Ivoclar Vivadent,Schaan, Liechtenstein), IPS e.max Press (EP) (IvoclarVivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), and Turkom Cera (TC)(Turcom-Ceramic SDN-BHD, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)were tested, each with n=10. The Vickers hardness andcolor difference (ΔE) values were measured before and afterdoping with graphene. Surface analysis was performed withXRD, XPS, and SEM. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test wasperformed to compare hardness values. The Kruskal-Wallistest was performed to compare ∆E values among all groups.The Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA was used for the posthoc tests after the Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05).Results: A significant difference was found among thegroups and the mean values of ∆E (p=0.002). According tothe post hoc test results, this difference was found betweenTC and E groups (p=0.002). Although graphene dopingincreased hardness significantly in group E, it was also foundto decrease in group TC. The mean ∆E values indicatedclinically noticeable (over the limit of 3.7) color change inall groups.Conclusions: Graphene doping may change the surfacehardness of dental ceramics depending on the content of theceramic. Similarly, depending on the content of the ceramic,it may affect its color to varying degrees. Graphene dopingincreased surface hardness only in group E but negativelyaffected the color of ceramic. Its application could be usefulin the palatal region.

Anahtar Kelime:

Doping Yöntemi ile İnce Bir Tabaka Grafen Uygulamasının Dental Seramiklerin Rengine ve Sertliğine Etkisi

Öz:

Amaç: Tam seramik dental restorasyonlarda klinik başarısızlıkların en sık nedeni veneer seramiklerinde çatlak oluşumudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, grafen dopingin seramik kaplama yüzeyinin sertlik ve renk bozulma özelliklerini değiştirip değiştirmeyeceğini belirlemektir. Materyal-Metot: Otuz adet disk şeklinde örnek (10 mm çapında ve 0.8 mm kalınlığında) hazırlandı. Üç farklı seramik system kullanıldı, IPS Empress (E) (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Lihtenştayn), IPS e.max Press (EP) (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Lihtenştayn) ve Turkom Cera (TC) (Turcom-Seramik SDNBHD, Kuala Lumpur, Malezya), her birinden (n=10) adet test edildi. Vickers sertliği ve renk farkı (ΔE) değerleri grafen doping öncesi ve sonrasında ölçüldü. Yüzey analizi, XRD, XPS ve SEM ile yapıldı. Sertlik değerlerini karşılaştırmak için Wilcoxon signed-rank testi uygulandı. Tüm gruplar arasında ∆E değerlerini karşılaştırmak için Kruskal-Wallis testi uygulandı. Kruskal-Wallis sonrası post hoc testlerinden Kruskal Wallis tek yönlü ANOVA kullanıldı (α=0,05). Bulgular: Gruplar arasında ve ∆E'nin ortalama değerleri arasında anlamlı bir fark bulundu (p=0,002). Post-hoc test sonuçlarına göre, bu fark TC ve E grupları arasında bulundu (p=0,002). Her ne kadar grafen doping E grubunda sertliği anlamlı olarak arttırsa da, TC'de de azaldığı bulundu. Ortalama ∆E değerleri, tüm gruplarda klinik olarak belirgin (3,7 sınırın üzerinde) renk değişikliğini göstermiştir. Sonuç: Grafen doping, seramiklerin içeriğine bağlı olarak dental seramiklerin yüzey sertliğini değiştirebilir. Benzer şekilde, seramik içeriğine bağlı olarak, rengini değişen derecelerde etkileyebilir. Grafen doping, yalnızca E grubunda yüzey sertliğini arttırdı, ancak seramiğin rengini olumsuz yönde etkiledi. Palatal bölgede kullanımı faydalı olabilir.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

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APA	kul e, BAYINDIR F (2020). Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic. , 65 - 70. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
Chicago	kul esra,BAYINDIR FUNDA Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic. (2020): 65 - 70. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
MLA	kul esra,BAYINDIR FUNDA Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic. , 2020, ss.65 - 70. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
AMA	kul e,BAYINDIR F Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic. . 2020; 65 - 70. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
Vancouver	kul e,BAYINDIR F Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic. . 2020; 65 - 70. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
IEEE	kul e,BAYINDIR F "Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic." , ss.65 - 70, 2020. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
ISNAD	kul, esra - BAYINDIR, FUNDA. "Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic". (2020), 65-70. https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.634657

APA	kul e, BAYINDIR F (2020). Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(1), 65 - 70. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
Chicago	kul esra,BAYINDIR FUNDA Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11, no.1 (2020): 65 - 70. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
MLA	kul esra,BAYINDIR FUNDA Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol.11, no.1, 2020, ss.65 - 70. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
AMA	kul e,BAYINDIR F Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020; 11(1): 65 - 70. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
Vancouver	kul e,BAYINDIR F Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020; 11(1): 65 - 70. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
IEEE	kul e,BAYINDIR F "Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic." Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 11, ss.65 - 70, 2020. 10.22312/sdusbed.634657
ISNAD	kul, esra - BAYINDIR, FUNDA. "Effect of Thin-Layer Graphene Doping on The Color and Surface Hardness of Dental Ceramic". Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11/1 (2020), 65-70. https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.634657