Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi
Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 304 - 318 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 İndeks Tarihi: 10-05-2021
Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi
Öz: Tiyomersal aşılara antibakteriyel ve antifungal koruyucu olarak eklenen organik cıva bileşiğidir. Aşılar dışında birçok tıbbi ürün (im-münglobulin preparatları, antitoksinler, deri preperatları, göz/kulak/burun damlaları, antiseptik merhemler, spreyler) ve kozmetik ürününde de kul-lanılmaktadır. Tiyomersalin molekül yapısının yaklaşık %50'sini cıva oluşturmaktadır ve organik cıva bileşiklerine maruziyetle otizm spekt-rum bozukluğu (OSB)’nun ortaya çıkabileceği literatürde yer almaktadır. Özellikle 2000’li yıllarda otizm olgularında görülen artışlar, tiyomersa-lin otizme neden olabileceğine dair endişeleri beraberinde getirmiştir. OSB, farklı genetik ve çevresel kökenlere sahip heterojen bir nörodav-ranışsal sorunlar bütünüdür. Bu patolojilerin karmaşıklığı ve kesin olarak bilinen diagnostik biyogöstergelerin bulunmaması nedeniyle OSB feno-tipik davranış özellikleri ile tanımlanır. Çocukluk çağında, aşılama ile OSB arasındaki olası ilişki potansiyel bir çevresel neden olarak öne sü-rülmüştür. Cıva ve OSB arasındaki ilişkiye dair endişeler, ilk olarak 1990’larda başlamıştır. Şüpheler nedeniyle tiyomersal, günümüzde ül-kemiz dâhil birçok ülkede çocukluk çağında kullanılan aşılardan tama-men kaldırılmıştır. Ancak ABD’de ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, bazıaşılar hâlâ tiyomersal içermektedir. Birçok düzenleyici kuruluş aşılama ile maruz kalınan cıva miktarının oldukça düşük olduğunu ve bu mikta-rın herhangi bir patolojik duruma neden olmayacağını defalarca ifade etse de günümüzde tiyomersal ile ilgili spekülasyonlar nedeniyle aşı ka-rarsızlığı giderek artmaktadır. Ancak aşılama toplum sağlığının korun-ması için mutlaka gereklidir. Henüz kesinleşmemiş ve belki de hiç olmayan bu ilişki için çocukları aşılatmamak tüm toplumu büyük risk al-tına sokmaktadır. Bu derlemede, otizm, tiyomersal ve tiyomersal ile otizm arasındaki olası ilişki hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelime: Evaluation of the Possible Association Between Thiomersal Exposure and Autism Spectrum Disorders
Öz: Thiomersal is an organic mercury compound used as antibacterial and antifungal preservative in vaccines. Other than vac-cines, it is used in many medical products (immunoglobulin prepara-tions, antitoxins, skin preparations; eye/ear/nose drops; antiseptic ointments, sprays) and cosmetics. The molecular structure of thiom-ersal consists of 50% mercury and literature suggests that exposure to organic mercury compunds may lead to autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Particularly in 2000s, concerns about thiomersal as a cause of autism has raised. ASD is a combination of heterogeneous neu-robehavioral problems with different genetic and environmental ori-gins. Because of the complexity of these pathologies and absence of a well-known diagnostic marker, ASD is characterized by phenotypic behavioral features. Interaction between childhood vaccination and ASD is put forward as a potential environmental cause. Concerns about the association between mercury and ASD first began in the 1990s. Because of doubts, thiomersal has been completely removed from childhood vaccines in many countries, including our country. However, some vaccines in use in the United States and developing countries still contain thiomersal. Although many regulatory organi-zations have repeatedly stated that amount of mercury exposure by vaccines is very low and will not cause any pathological conditions, vaccine hesitancy is gradually increasing due to speculations about thiomersal. However, vaccination is absolutely neccesary to protect public health. Avoiding childhood vaccination due to unascertained or non-existant relationship puts the whole population under great risk. In this review, we aimed to give information about autism, thiomer-sal and possible connection between thiomersal and possible connection between thiomersal and autism.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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| APA | Erdemli Kose S, Balcı Ozyurt A, Yirün A, ERKEKOGLU P (2020). Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. , 304 - 318. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| Chicago | Erdemli Kose Selinay Basak,Balcı Ozyurt Aylin,Yirün Anıl,ERKEKOGLU PİNAR Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. (2020): 304 - 318. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| MLA | Erdemli Kose Selinay Basak,Balcı Ozyurt Aylin,Yirün Anıl,ERKEKOGLU PİNAR Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. , 2020, ss.304 - 318. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| AMA | Erdemli Kose S,Balcı Ozyurt A,Yirün A,ERKEKOGLU P Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. . 2020; 304 - 318. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| Vancouver | Erdemli Kose S,Balcı Ozyurt A,Yirün A,ERKEKOGLU P Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. . 2020; 304 - 318. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| IEEE | Erdemli Kose S,Balcı Ozyurt A,Yirün A,ERKEKOGLU P "Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi." , ss.304 - 318, 2020. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| ISNAD | Erdemli Kose, Selinay Basak vd. "Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi". (2020), 304-318. https://doi.org/10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| APA | Erdemli Kose S, Balcı Ozyurt A, Yirün A, ERKEKOGLU P (2020). Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(3), 304 - 318. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| Chicago | Erdemli Kose Selinay Basak,Balcı Ozyurt Aylin,Yirün Anıl,ERKEKOGLU PİNAR Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi 9, no.3 (2020): 304 - 318. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| MLA | Erdemli Kose Selinay Basak,Balcı Ozyurt Aylin,Yirün Anıl,ERKEKOGLU PİNAR Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol.9, no.3, 2020, ss.304 - 318. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| AMA | Erdemli Kose S,Balcı Ozyurt A,Yirün A,ERKEKOGLU P Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020; 9(3): 304 - 318. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| Vancouver | Erdemli Kose S,Balcı Ozyurt A,Yirün A,ERKEKOGLU P Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020; 9(3): 304 - 318. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| IEEE | Erdemli Kose S,Balcı Ozyurt A,Yirün A,ERKEKOGLU P "Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi." Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi, 9, ss.304 - 318, 2020. 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
| ISNAD | Erdemli Kose, Selinay Basak vd. "Tiyomersal Maruziyeti ve Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları Arasındaki Olası İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi". Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi 9/3 (2020), 304-318. https://doi.org/10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73289 |
