Industry 4.0 is a new technological revolution that creates fundamental changes, integrating production facilities, service systems and supply chains to create value-creating networks. It is stated that Industry 4.0, which is a new trend in the fields of automation, production technologies and data exchange, will affect the operation processes and the amount of cargo handled in ports and terminals, with its core application such as the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Data Management, and Cyber Physical Systems. Although the literature is rich in raising awareness, guiding and discussing its importance for Industry 4.0, its discussions in the port industry are lacking. The aim of this study is to compile the difficulties in the transition to industry 4.0 applications in the port industry and to analyze the relationship between these difficulties with the Interpretive Structural Modeling method to form a hierarchical model. In the hierarchical relations model, the most important difficulties in the process of being a smart port according to the analysis results are the lack of information about Industry 4.0 and the problems stemming from the personnel.