The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure

Background: Febrile seizure is the most common neurological disorderin childhood. The exact pathophysiology of febrile seizures is unknown.Recent studies showed the role of vitamin K in nonhematological and inflammatory disorders. This study aimed to investigate the serum vitaminK levels in children with febrile seizures.Aims: To evaluate vitamin K levels in children with febrile seizures.Study Design: Prospective case-control study.Methods: This multicenter study examined representative populationsin 8 different cities in Turkey between April 1, 2018 and April 1, 2019.Blood samples were taken from all children at presentation. Vitamin K1,vitamin K2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and interleukin 6 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: A total of 155 children were included in the study—84 childrenwith febrile seizures and 71 children in febrile control group. Serum vitamin K1 and vitamin K2 levels were also higher in children with febrileseizures than in the controls. The results of statistical analysis showedthat vitamin K1 and vitamin K2 levels were correlated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and interleukin 6 levels. The median vitamin K1 and vitamin K2 levels of children experiencing their firstfebrile seizure were higher than those in children with recurrent febrileseizures. Type of febrile seizure has no effect on serum vitamin K1 andvitamin K2 levels.Conclusion: In children with febrile seizures, vitamin K levels are higherthan those in the control group. These new findings may contribute to elucidating the etiopathogenesis of febrile seizures.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1. Guidelines for epidemiologic studies on epilepsy. Commission on Epidemiology and Prognosis, International League Against Epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1993;34(4):592-596. [Crossref]
2. Waruiru C, Appleton R. Febrile seizures: an update. Arch Dis Child. 2004;89(8):751- 756. [Crossref]
3. Kwon A, Kwak BO, Kim K, et al. Cytokine levels in febrile seizure patients: a systematic review and meta- analysis. Seizure. 2018;59:5-10. [Crossref]
4. Saghazadeh A, Gharedaghi M, Meysamie A, Bauer S, Rezaei N. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in febrile seizures and epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Neurosci. 2014;25(2):281-305. [Crossref]
5. Fusaro M, Gallieni M, Rizzo MA, et al. Vitamin K plasma levels determination in human health. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2017;55(6):789-799. [Crossref]
6. Vermer C, De Boer-Van den Berg MA. Vitamin K -dependent carboxylase. Haematologia (Budap) 195;18:71.
7. Shearer MJ, Newman P. Recent trends in the metabolism and cell biology of vitamin K with special reference to vitamin K cycling and MK-4 biosynthesis. J Lipid Res. 2014;55(3):345-362. [Crossref]
8. Beulens JWJ, Booth SL, van den Heuvel EGHM, Stoecklin E, Baka A, Vermeer C. The role of menaquinones (vitamin K2 ) in human health. Br J Nutr. 2013;110(8):1357- 1368. [Crossref]
9. Reddi K, Henderson B, Meghji S, et al. Interleukin 6 production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human fibroblasts is potently inhibited by naphthoquinone (vitamin K) compounds. Cytokine. 1995;7(3): 287-290. [Crossref]
10. Shea MK, Booth SL, Massaro JM, et al. Vitamin K and vitamin D status: associations with inflammatory markers in the Framingham Offspring Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167(3):313-320. [Crossref]
11. Booth SL. Roles for vitamin K beyond coagulation. Annu Rev Nutr. 2009;29:89-110. [Crossref]
12. Khojah HM, Ahmed S, Abdel-Rahman MS, Alkhalil KM, Hamza AB. Vitamin homologs as potential biomarkers for disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Bone Miner Metab. 2017;35(5):529-535. [Crossref]
13. Ferland G. Vitamin K, an emerging nutrient in brain function. Biofactors. 2012; 38(2):151-157. [Crossref]
14. Ferland G. Vitamin K and brain function. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2013;39(8):849- 855. [Crossref]
15. Aydin S. Can vitamin K synthesis altered by dysbiosis of microbiota be blamed in the etiopathogenesis of venous thrombosis? Biosci Microbiota Food Health. 2017;36(3):73-74. [Crossref]
16. Ihekweazu FD, Versalovic J. Development of the Pediatric Gut Microbiome: Impact on health and disease. Am J Med Sci. 2018;356(5):413-423. [Crossref]
17. Popescu DC, Huang H, Singhal NK, et al. Vitamin K enhances the production of brain sulfatides during remyelination. PLoS One. 2018;13(8):e0203057. [Crossref]
18. Lasemi R, Kundi M, Moghadam NB, Moshammer H, Hainfellner JA. Vitamin K2 in multiple sclerosis patients. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2018;130(9-10):307-313. [Crossref]
19. Ferland G. Vitamin K and the nervous system: an overview of its actions. Adv Nutr. 2012;3(2): 204-212. [Crossref]
20. Prieto AL, Weber JL, Tracy S, Heeb MJ, Lai C. Gas6, a ligand for the receptor protein-tyrosine kinase Tyro-3, is widely expressed in the central nervous system. Brain Res. 1999;816(2):646-661. [Crossref]
21. Tsaioun KI, Denisova NA, Obin M, Joseph J. Novel groth factor Gas6, phosphatidylserine and their age-related changes in the rat brain. Neurosci Res Commun. 2000;26(2):113-122. [Crossref]
22. Karl JP, Meydani M, Barnett JB, et al. Fecal concentrations of bacterially derived vitamin K forms are associated with gut microbiota composition but not plasma or fecal cytokine concentrations in healthy adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;106(4):1052-1061. [Crossref]
23. Yu YX, Li YP, Gao F, et al. Vitamin K2 suppresses rotenone-induced microglial activation in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2016;37(9):1178-1189. [Crossref]
24. Pan MH, Maresz K, Lee PS, et al. Inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1α, and IL-1β by pretreatment of human monocyte-derived macrophages with menaquinone-7 and cell activation with TLR agonists In Vitro. J Med Food. 2016;19(7):663-669. [Crossref]
25. Grommes C, Lee CY, Wilkinson BL, et al. Regulation of microglial phagocytosis and inflammatory gene expression by Gas6 acting on the Axl/Mer family of tyrosine kinases. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2008;3(2):130-140. [Crossref]
26. Schurgers LJ, Teunissen KJF, Hamulyák K, Knapen MHJ, Vik H, Vermeer C. Vitamin K-containing dietary supplements: comparison of synthetic vitamin K1 and natto-derived menaquinone-7. Blood. 2007;109(8):3279-3283. [Crossref]
27. Walther B, Karl JP, Booth SL, Boyaval P. Menaquinones, bacteria, and the food supply: the relevance of dairy and fermented food products to vitamin K requirements. Adv Nutr. 2013;4(4):463-473. [Crossref]

APA	Carman K, KARAL Y, GUL MERT G, Ekici A, Perk P, Yarar C, Nuhoglu C, BOZAN G, Kilic O, Dinleyici M, Sahin S, Atay E, Tokdemir U, DEMİR B, Dinleyici E (2021). The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure. , 116 - 120. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
Chicago	Carman Kursat Bora,KARAL YASEMİN,GUL MERT GULEN,Ekici Arzu,Perk Peren,Yarar Coskun,Nuhoglu Cagatay,BOZAN GÜRKAN,Kilic Omer,Dinleyici Meltem,Sahin Sabiha,Atay Emrah,Tokdemir Uğur,DEMİR Baver,Dinleyici Ener Cagri The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure. (2021): 116 - 120. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
MLA	Carman Kursat Bora,KARAL YASEMİN,GUL MERT GULEN,Ekici Arzu,Perk Peren,Yarar Coskun,Nuhoglu Cagatay,BOZAN GÜRKAN,Kilic Omer,Dinleyici Meltem,Sahin Sabiha,Atay Emrah,Tokdemir Uğur,DEMİR Baver,Dinleyici Ener Cagri The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure. , 2021, ss.116 - 120. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
AMA	Carman K,KARAL Y,GUL MERT G,Ekici A,Perk P,Yarar C,Nuhoglu C,BOZAN G,Kilic O,Dinleyici M,Sahin S,Atay E,Tokdemir U,DEMİR B,Dinleyici E The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure. . 2021; 116 - 120. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
Vancouver	Carman K,KARAL Y,GUL MERT G,Ekici A,Perk P,Yarar C,Nuhoglu C,BOZAN G,Kilic O,Dinleyici M,Sahin S,Atay E,Tokdemir U,DEMİR B,Dinleyici E The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure. . 2021; 116 - 120. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
IEEE	Carman K,KARAL Y,GUL MERT G,Ekici A,Perk P,Yarar C,Nuhoglu C,BOZAN G,Kilic O,Dinleyici M,Sahin S,Atay E,Tokdemir U,DEMİR B,Dinleyici E "The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure." , ss.116 - 120, 2021. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
ISNAD	Carman, Kursat Bora vd. "The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure". (2021), 116-120. https://doi.org/10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70

APA	Carman K, KARAL Y, GUL MERT G, Ekici A, Perk P, Yarar C, Nuhoglu C, BOZAN G, Kilic O, Dinleyici M, Sahin S, Atay E, Tokdemir U, DEMİR B, Dinleyici E (2021). The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure. Balkan Medical Journal, 38(2), 116 - 120. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
Chicago	Carman Kursat Bora,KARAL YASEMİN,GUL MERT GULEN,Ekici Arzu,Perk Peren,Yarar Coskun,Nuhoglu Cagatay,BOZAN GÜRKAN,Kilic Omer,Dinleyici Meltem,Sahin Sabiha,Atay Emrah,Tokdemir Uğur,DEMİR Baver,Dinleyici Ener Cagri The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure. Balkan Medical Journal 38, no.2 (2021): 116 - 120. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
MLA	Carman Kursat Bora,KARAL YASEMİN,GUL MERT GULEN,Ekici Arzu,Perk Peren,Yarar Coskun,Nuhoglu Cagatay,BOZAN GÜRKAN,Kilic Omer,Dinleyici Meltem,Sahin Sabiha,Atay Emrah,Tokdemir Uğur,DEMİR Baver,Dinleyici Ener Cagri The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure. Balkan Medical Journal, vol.38, no.2, 2021, ss.116 - 120. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
AMA	Carman K,KARAL Y,GUL MERT G,Ekici A,Perk P,Yarar C,Nuhoglu C,BOZAN G,Kilic O,Dinleyici M,Sahin S,Atay E,Tokdemir U,DEMİR B,Dinleyici E The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure. Balkan Medical Journal. 2021; 38(2): 116 - 120. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
Vancouver	Carman K,KARAL Y,GUL MERT G,Ekici A,Perk P,Yarar C,Nuhoglu C,BOZAN G,Kilic O,Dinleyici M,Sahin S,Atay E,Tokdemir U,DEMİR B,Dinleyici E The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure. Balkan Medical Journal. 2021; 38(2): 116 - 120. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
IEEE	Carman K,KARAL Y,GUL MERT G,Ekici A,Perk P,Yarar C,Nuhoglu C,BOZAN G,Kilic O,Dinleyici M,Sahin S,Atay E,Tokdemir U,DEMİR B,Dinleyici E "The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure." Balkan Medical Journal, 38, ss.116 - 120, 2021. 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70
ISNAD	Carman, Kursat Bora vd. "The evaluation of vitamin K status in children with febrile seizure". Balkan Medical Journal 38/2 (2021), 116-120. https://doi.org/10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.5.70