Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 34 - 38 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569 İndeks Tarihi: 19-05-2021

Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry

Öz:
Objectives: Germanium-68/gallium-68 (68Ge/68Ga) generator eluate contains a number of metal cations that can compete with 68GaCl3, reducing specific radioactivity. The first step in peptide labeling with 68GaCl3 is to remove 68Ge and several other metals with a long half-life. In this purification step, the elution residue that is passed through the cartridge is collected in glass waste bottles. Waste management is included in good production practices, and in particular, the activity of long half-life 68Ge (270.95 days) and other toxic metal levels need to be examined. Our objective in this study is to determine the 68Ge activity in liquid waste produced by the generation of 68Ga and heavy metal concentrations from the generator column materials and to assess whether it can be disposed of as normal waste.Methods: Liquid wastes produced by passing the 68Ge/68Ga generator eluate of 2 different identities via PSH+ cartridge have been analyzed with the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry device in the advanced technology application and research center of our university.Results: The average of the 68Ge radioactive pollution was estimated to be 0.142 ppm (μg.mL-1) in the liquid waste analysis after passing through the PSH+ cartridge in the pre-elution in the GalluGEN brand generator. While there was no tin (Sn) impurity, it was determined that the average zinc (Zn) was 1.95 ppm (μg.mL-1) and the average aluminum (Al) impurity was 10.95 ppm (μg.mL-1). While no 68Ge radioactive pollution was determined in the iThemba LABS brand generator, the average Sn was 0.098 ppm (μg.mL-1), average Zn 48.6 ppm (μg.mL-1), and average Al impurity 4.135 ppm (μg.mL-1).Conclusion: All 68Ge/68Ga generators produced have their own certificates. Metallic contamination in the postmarking waste of 68Ge/68Ga generators can be different. It would be a safe method to keep these wastes in place until they are dumped into the sewage systems, given their half-lives in terms of long half-life radioactive metallic contamination.
Anahtar Kelime:

Nükleer Tıp PET Kimyasında Kullanılan İki Farklı 68Ge/68Ga Jeneratörünün Sıvı Atıklarındaki Radyokimyasal ve Kimyasal Kirliliklerinin Karşılaştırılması

Öz:
Amaç: Germanyum-68/galyum-68 (68Ge/68Ga) jeneratör sağım eluatında 68GaCl3 ile rekabet edebilen, spesifik radyoaktiviteyi azaltan bir dizi metal katyon bulunmaktadır. 68Ge/68Ga jeneratörlerinde, elüat bileşimindeki metal kontaminasyonu, kolon matrislerine ve sağım yapılan çözücüye bağlı olarak değişir. 68GaCl3 ile peptid işaretlemede ilk basamak uzun yarı ömürlü 68Ge ve birçok metalin uzaklaştırılmasıdır. Bu saflaştırma basamağında kartuştan geçirilen elüsyon artığı cam atık şişelerinde biriktirilmektedir. Atık yönetimi iyi üretim uygulamalarına dahildir ve özellikle atığın uzun yarı ömre sahip 68Ge (270,95 gün) aktivitesinin ve diğer toksik metal içeriğin incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada amacımız 68Ga elde edilmesinde oluşan sıvı atıkta 68Ge aktivitesini ve jeneratör kolon malzemelerinden kaynaklanan ağır metal konsantrasyonlarını belirlemek ve normal atık olarak atılıp atılamayacağını değerlendirmektir.Yöntem: Merkezimizde iki farklı kimlikteki 68Ge/68Ga jeneratör eluatlarının PSH+ kartuşundan geçirilmesi ile açığa çıkan sıvı atıklar, üniversitemiz ileri teknoloji uygulama ve araştırma merkezinde bulunan indüktif eşleşmiş plazma-kütle spektrometres cihazıyla analiz ettirilmiştir.Bulgular: GalluGEN marka jeneratörde ön elüsyonda PSH+ kartuşundan geçtikten sonra sıvı atık analizinde ortalama 68Ge radyoaktif kirlilik 0,142 ppm (μg.mL-1), olarak tespit edildi. Kalay (Sn) safsızlığı yokken, ortalama çinkonun (Zn) 1.95 ppm (μg.mL-1) ve ortalama alüminyum (Al) safsızlığının 10,95 ppm (μg.mL-1), olduğu belirlendi. İThemba LABS marka jeneratör atıklarında 68Ge radyoaktif kirliliği tespit edilmezken, ortalama Sn 0,098 ppm (μg.mL-1), ortalama Zn 48,6 ppm (μg.mL-1) ve ortalama Al safsızlık 4,135 ppm (μg.mL-1) tespit edildi.Sonuç: Üretilen tüm 68Ge/68Ga jeneratörlerinin kendine ait sertifikası bulunmaktadır. 68Ge/68Ga jeneratörlerin işaretleme sonrası atıklarındaki metalik kontaminasyonlar farklı olabilir. Bu atıkların kanalizasyon sistemlerine verilmeden önce içeriklerindeki uzun yarı ömürlü radyoaktif metalik kontaminasyonlar açısında yarı ömürleri dikkate alınarak bekletilmeleri güvenli bir yöntem olacaktır.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA Uğur A, Yaylalı O, YÜKSEL D (2021). Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry. , 34 - 38. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
Chicago Uğur Ayşe,Yaylalı Olga,YÜKSEL DOĞANGÜN Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry. (2021): 34 - 38. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
MLA Uğur Ayşe,Yaylalı Olga,YÜKSEL DOĞANGÜN Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry. , 2021, ss.34 - 38. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
AMA Uğur A,Yaylalı O,YÜKSEL D Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry. . 2021; 34 - 38. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
Vancouver Uğur A,Yaylalı O,YÜKSEL D Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry. . 2021; 34 - 38. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
IEEE Uğur A,Yaylalı O,YÜKSEL D "Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry." , ss.34 - 38, 2021. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
ISNAD Uğur, Ayşe vd. "Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry". (2021), 34-38. https://doi.org/10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
APA Uğur A, Yaylalı O, YÜKSEL D (2021). Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry. Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy, 30(1), 34 - 38. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
Chicago Uğur Ayşe,Yaylalı Olga,YÜKSEL DOĞANGÜN Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry. Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy 30, no.1 (2021): 34 - 38. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
MLA Uğur Ayşe,Yaylalı Olga,YÜKSEL DOĞANGÜN Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry. Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy, vol.30, no.1, 2021, ss.34 - 38. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
AMA Uğur A,Yaylalı O,YÜKSEL D Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry. Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy. 2021; 30(1): 34 - 38. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
Vancouver Uğur A,Yaylalı O,YÜKSEL D Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry. Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy. 2021; 30(1): 34 - 38. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
IEEE Uğur A,Yaylalı O,YÜKSEL D "Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry." Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy, 30, ss.34 - 38, 2021. 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569
ISNAD Uğur, Ayşe vd. "Comparison of Radiochemical and Chemical Impurities in Liquid Wastes of Two Different 68Ge/68Ga Generators used in Nuclear Medicine PET Chemistry". Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy 30/1 (2021), 34-38. https://doi.org/10.4274/mirt.galenos.2020.58569