İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 89 - 108 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 İndeks Tarihi: 11-06-2021
İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi
Öz: İtalya’da İkinci Cumhuriyet olarak adlandırılan ve siyasal hayata etki eden çeşitli yasal değişikliklerin hayata geçtiği 1993sonrası süreçte çok sayıda hükümet ve koalisyon kurulup dağıldı. Geçen 25 yılda ülkeyi, değişim ve yenilenme arzusunukendinde toplamaya çalışan siyasal aktörlerin mücadelesi şekillendirdi. Bu çalışmada İtalya’da 1990’ların ortasındanitibaren yaşanan değişimlerin arka planıyla 2010’larda yaşanan bu gelişmelere odaklanılacaktır. İtalyan demokrasisindeyükselen yeni aktörlerin popülizm ve liberal demokrasi krizi bağlamında değerlendirileceği yazı, M5S (Movimento 5Stelle - 5 Yıldız Hareketi) ile Lega’nın yarattığı etkileri öne çıkarmaktadır. Bununla birlikte İtalya’da sosyal demokrasinindönüşümü ve toparlanma çabası da ele alınacaktır. Çalışmanın argümanı, İtalya örneğinde demokratik tartışmanın devamediyor oluşunun demokrasiyi otoriterleşme eğiliminden koruduğudur. Öte yandan bitmeyen krizler ve dalgalanmalarmerkez siyasetin korunmasını da gittikçe güçleştirmektedir. M5S ve Lega, Berlusconi sonrası İtalyan siyasetinin yenimerkezi olurken onların yükselişi, merkez-sağ ve solun düşüşüne sahne olmuştur. Popülist söylemin farklı boyutlarınıortaya koysalar da halktaki eski siyasetçilere karşı tepkiyi birleştiren bu iki parti, İtalyan siyasetinin son dönemlerini etkisialtına almıştır. İtalyan siyaseti iç ve dış sorunların ve gelişmelerin etkisinde sürekli dalgalanmakta; istikrarlı bir hükümetoluşturmakta zorlanmaktadır. Tarihsel bir mirası olan, kurumsal ve hukuki dalgalanmaları sürekli yaşayan Avrupa’nınönemli ülkesi İtalya’daki siyasi krizler, ulusal ve uluslararası siyasal krizlerin somutlaşmış halidir.
Anahtar Kelime: M5S, Lega, PD, and Italy’s Never Ending Political Crises
Öz: In Italy, many governments and coalitions have formed and dissolved in the post-1993 era, called the Second Republic. During this period, various legal changes have affected political life. In the past 25 years, political agents have struggled to make good on the wishes for change, and society’s renewal has reshaped the country. This study focuses on these developments since the mid-1990s to understand the recent shifts in Italy. The article emphasizes the effects of Lega and the M5S, the newest political agents rising in Italian democracy, and examines them in the context of the crisis of populism and liberal democracy. The study argues that the continuing democratic debate in Italy protects democracy from the tendency to turn authoritarian. Conversely, the never-ending crises and fluctuations make the stability of central politics more and more challenging. This tension in democracy extends beyond Italy to the whole of European politics.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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| APA | YILDIRIM Y (2021). İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi. , 89 - 108. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| Chicago | YILDIRIM YAVUZ İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi. (2021): 89 - 108. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| MLA | YILDIRIM YAVUZ İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi. , 2021, ss.89 - 108. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| AMA | YILDIRIM Y İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi. . 2021; 89 - 108. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| Vancouver | YILDIRIM Y İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi. . 2021; 89 - 108. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| IEEE | YILDIRIM Y "İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi." , ss.89 - 108, 2021. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| ISNAD | YILDIRIM, YAVUZ. "İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi". (2021), 89-108. https://doi.org/10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| APA | YILDIRIM Y (2021). İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi. Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences (Online) , 30(1), 89 - 108. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| Chicago | YILDIRIM YAVUZ İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi. Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences (Online) 30, no.1 (2021): 89 - 108. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| MLA | YILDIRIM YAVUZ İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi. Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences (Online) , vol.30, no.1, 2021, ss.89 - 108. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| AMA | YILDIRIM Y İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi. Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences (Online) . 2021; 30(1): 89 - 108. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| Vancouver | YILDIRIM Y İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi. Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences (Online) . 2021; 30(1): 89 - 108. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| IEEE | YILDIRIM Y "İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi." Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences (Online) , 30, ss.89 - 108, 2021. 10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
| ISNAD | YILDIRIM, YAVUZ. "İtalya’nın Bitmeyen Siyasal Krizlerinde M5S, Lega ve PD Dönemi". Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences (Online) 30/1 (2021), 89-108. https://doi.org/10.26650/siyasal.2021.30.1.0095 |
