The present study examines the global and local effects leading to the emergence and growth of the terrorist organization ISIS and the method of fighting against ISIS. In the context of global impacts, the effects of the US policies that excluded the Sunni population from the administration after the 2003 invasion of Iraq on the increase in social support for ISIS were examined. In the context of local effects, Nuri alMaliki's sectarian approach to administration, the withdrawal of his support from the Sahwa organization, and the Sunni Arab community’s support to ISIS as a result of his oppressive approach towards the Sunni population that deepened the Shiite-Sunni conflict in Iraq have been explained within the framework of structural violence. Despite being militarily defeated in Iraq and Syria and geographically restricted, many reports state that ISIS has not been completely eradicated and remains a threat to the region. In the context of the strategy to fight against ISIS, to prevent ISIS from growing again in the post-conflict period, recommendations have been made to ensure that people who have joined or supported ISIS for different reasons stay away from violence and to solve political, economic and socio-cultural problems that prevent them from safely integrating into society