The location of some streets in the definition of urban architecture has a function like map legends. In the Erzurum city structuring, “Cumhuriyet Caddesi” has undertaken such a task since the year 415 when the city was founded. The street, which had oval lines in the Eastern Roman period, was used as a city square between Tabrizkapisi and Caferiye Mosque under the rule of Saltukoğulları, and witnesses of building art were erected on both sides. We understand that the Ilkhanians extend the street to the Erzincankapı-Mumcu direction from the examples of building art that have survived until today. During the first planned reconstruction of Suleiman the Magnificent in 1535, the first fortification wall that protected the city grew beyond the fortification gates in both the east and west sides. The planned construction made by the Ottoman State connected all the other streets of the city to this street and moved it to the center of Beylerbeyi Palace to the south of Lalapaşa Mosque. During the Ottoman period, the physics of Cumhuriyet Street were renewed many times due to the developing technology and changes in preference. Under the rule of the Young Republic, the street crossed Çaykara Creek to the west with the 1938 Lambert plan and directed its center of gravity to the "Havuzbaşı" intersection. Cumhuriyet Caddesi, which has been repeated with some changes until today, offers the summary of the architectural construction of the city of Erzurum.