Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?

GÖNEN, BUKET; Nergiz Ünal, Reyhan

doi:10.53394/akd.982129

Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?

Reyhan NERGİZ ÜNAL, (Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Ankara, Türkiye)

Buket GÖNEN (Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Ankara, Türkiye)

Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi

10 2

Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 436 - 447 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.53394/akd.982129 İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?

Öz:

Dünya çapında ölümlerin en önde gelen nedeni olan kardiyovasküler hastalıkların önlenmesi veprognozunun kontrolünde bağırsak mikrobiyota türevli moleküllerin katkısının bulunması ilebağırsak ve kardiyovasküler sistem arasındaki bağlantıya olan ilgi önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Güncelçalışmalar bağırsak mikrobiyomu ve metabolitlerinin ateroskleroz, hipertansiyon, kalp yetmezliği, atrial fibrilasyon ve miyokard fibrozu gibi kardiyovasküler hastalıkların başlangıcında veilerlemesinde önemli rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Diyetin içeriği bağırsak mikrobiyotasınıdeğiştiren önemli bir faktördür. Hayvansal kaynaklarda bulunan kolin ve L-karnitinin bağırsakmikroorganizmaları tarafından metabolize edilmesiyle trimetilamin (TMA) oluşmaktadır.Üretilen TMA’nın çoğunluğu pasif olarak portal dolaşıma geçmekte ve hepatik flavine bağımlımonooksigenazlar (FMO’lar) tarafından trimetilamin-N-oksit (TMAO)’e okside edilmektedir.Kırmızı et, süt ürünleri, yumurta, balık ve kümes hayvanlarında bol miktarda bulunan fosfotidilkolin, L-karnitin ve betain TMA kaynağı olan bileşiklerdir. Trimetilamin veya öncülleriniiçeren besinler kan ve idrar TMAO düzeylerini artırmaktadır. Son zamanlarda birçok çalışmadaTMAO düzeylerinin yüksek olması kardiyovasküler hastalık riski ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ve TMAO arasındaki bağlantının anlaşılması; TMAO’nun bir biyomarkerolup olmadığının belirlenmesi ve TMAO’yu etkileyen diyet bileşenlerinin varlığının tespitedilmesi yeni tedavi yaklaşımlarına odaklanılması açısından önemlidir. Böylece, bu derlemekırmızı et ve diğer hayvansal ürünlerde bulunan kolin ve L-karnitinin bir metaboliti olanTMAO’nun kardiyovasküler hastalıklar üzerine etkisini içeren mekanizmalar ile ilgili literatüründerlenmesi amacıyla yazılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelime: Diyet TMAO Mikrobiyota Beslenme

Gut Microbiota-Dependent Metabolite Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), in Cardiovascular Diseases: A New Molecule for Prevention and Treatment?

Öz:

There has been an increasing interest in the relationship between the gut and the cardiovascular system, since the contribution of intestinal microbiota-derived molecules in the prevention and control of the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of mortality worldwide, was determined. Current studies have demonstrated that intestinal microbiome and its metabolites play a significant role in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure, atrial fibrillation and myocardial fibrosis. The content of the diet is an important factor that changes the gut microbiota. Trimethylamine (TMA) is produced by the intestinal microorganisms which metabolize choline and L-carnitine found in animal sources. The majority of the TMA produced passively passes into the portal circulation and is oxidized to trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) by the hepatic flavin-dependent monoxygenases (FMOs). Phosphatidylcholine, L-carnitine and betaine which are abundant in red meat, dairy products, eggs, fish and poultry are the sources of TMA. Foods containing trimethylamine or its precursors increase TMAO levels in blood and urine. In many studies conducted recently, high levels of TMAO have been associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the relationship between cardiovascular diseases and TMAO, determining whether TMAO is a biomarker and determining the presence of dietary components affecting TMAO are of importance in focusing on new treatment approaches. Thus, this review was performed to compile the literature on the mechanisms involving the effect of TMAO, a metabolite of choline and L-carnitine found in red meat and other animal products, on cardiovascular diseases.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

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APA	Nergiz Ünal R, GÖNEN B (2021). Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?. , 436 - 447. 10.53394/akd.982129
Chicago	Nergiz Ünal Reyhan,GÖNEN BUKET Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?. (2021): 436 - 447. 10.53394/akd.982129
MLA	Nergiz Ünal Reyhan,GÖNEN BUKET Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?. , 2021, ss.436 - 447. 10.53394/akd.982129
AMA	Nergiz Ünal R,GÖNEN B Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?. . 2021; 436 - 447. 10.53394/akd.982129
Vancouver	Nergiz Ünal R,GÖNEN B Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?. . 2021; 436 - 447. 10.53394/akd.982129
IEEE	Nergiz Ünal R,GÖNEN B "Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?." , ss.436 - 447, 2021. 10.53394/akd.982129
ISNAD	Nergiz Ünal, Reyhan - GÖNEN, BUKET. "Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?". (2021), 436-447. https://doi.org/10.53394/akd.982129

APA	Nergiz Ünal R, GÖNEN B (2021). Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi, 7(3), 436 - 447. 10.53394/akd.982129
Chicago	Nergiz Ünal Reyhan,GÖNEN BUKET Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi 7, no.3 (2021): 436 - 447. 10.53394/akd.982129
MLA	Nergiz Ünal Reyhan,GÖNEN BUKET Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi, vol.7, no.3, 2021, ss.436 - 447. 10.53394/akd.982129
AMA	Nergiz Ünal R,GÖNEN B Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi. 2021; 7(3): 436 - 447. 10.53394/akd.982129
Vancouver	Nergiz Ünal R,GÖNEN B Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi. 2021; 7(3): 436 - 447. 10.53394/akd.982129
IEEE	Nergiz Ünal R,GÖNEN B "Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?." Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi, 7, ss.436 - 447, 2021. 10.53394/akd.982129
ISNAD	Nergiz Ünal, Reyhan - GÖNEN, BUKET. "Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Metaboliti Trimetilamin N-oksit (TMAO) : Önlenme ve Tedavi İçin Yeni Bir Molekül mü?". Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi 7/3 (2021), 436-447. https://doi.org/10.53394/akd.982129