The orientation of the Turkish society to the west is a long historical process. Innovations begin first in the military field. Then they start to appear in socio- cultural areas. New currents of thought flow into our literature. These currents are developed by our literati who assume the role of our first philosophers, sociologists and psychologists. The westernization trend we call the New Literature in the Ottoman Reformation period continues to develop in later years. Turkish literature will find its place next to positivist thinkers especially as of the first years of the Ottoman Reformation period. The significance of Mustafa Reshit Pasha’s answer to Auguste Comte should be sought not in the contents of his letter but especially in the field of education and in innovations achieved in other institutions and organizations. After the second half of the 19th century we see a generation that seeks the truth in the data of science. This generation is a new generation whose spirit is nourished by science. The most important representative Auguste Comte introduced from the literary point of view of positivism is Hippolyte Taine. Taine’s theoretical and literary understanding is influential in Turkish literature especially from the second half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. It can also be said this effect continued diminishingly in the second half of the 20th century. In this article, community oriented methodology is used.