Bruxism is a parafunctional activity characterized by day time (diurnal) or nighttime (nocturnal) tooth grindingand squeezing and causing various pathologies inoropharyngeal tissues. Buspirone is used in the treat ment of generalized anxiety disorder, to reduce the sideeffects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and tostrengthen the treatment in depression and anxiety di sorders. In addition to these uses, buspirone is also usedin the treatment of bruxism in adults. In this study, it isaimed to summarize bruxism cases treated with bus pirone in literature and to discuss treatment options. Asystematic research was conducted on Pubmed, GoogleAcademic and Web of Science databases to evaluate allpeer-reviewed articles using buspirone in the treatmentof bruxism. The whole study in which buspirone wasused in the treatment of bruxism was included in thestudy. When evaluated on the basis of case reports, bus pirone is seen as one of the psychotropes that can beused safely in the treatment of bruxism. In the treat ment, it may be recommended to adjust the averagedaily dose to 10-20 mg and wait a minimum of 2 weeks,although the effectiveness may occur in a much shortertime. This study is important in terms of recommendingbuspirone, which has been shown to be effective in thetreatment of bruxism in many cases, despite its variouslimitations and as a step for further studies on this sub ject.