Idioms are stereotyped phrases that form the language treasure of societies and reflect their culture and national consciousness. It is the research subject of cultural linguistics to examine the idioms that are the indicators of language and culture interaction of the peoples and to reveal the reflection forms of the national worldview on the language. Although cultural linguistics emerged at the end of the 20th century as an interdisciplinary branch of science, it dates back to earlier and it is a science that studies language and culture relations, and examines the cultural values of the peoples reflected in the language. Through cultural linguistics, a society’s way of life, cultural values, religious beliefs, in short, the way of its thinking are exposed. Idioms, on the other hand, are seen as the primary sources of culture reflected in the language in cultural linguistics research. Based on this understanding of discipline, in this study, first of all, cultural linguistics as a branch of science, the historical development process of cultural linguistics, and the theoreticians contributed to the development of cultural linguistics are discussed. The subject is reinforced with examples from Russian and Turkish idioms, with reference to the cultural linguistic research methods used in the study of idioms that are the bearers of cultural knowledge. In this process, many information such as the meaning od idioms, their use in real or figurative meaning, their place in the history of the spoken language, its content and its origin are included. In addition, the numbered idioms in the Russian and Turkish culture, which constitute the main theme of the study, were determined and examined comparatively in a cultural linguistic context. The number used in the idioms that form the cultural codes of two different societies, the meanings attributed to the numbers, and at what rate the similarities or differences of the semantic content of numbers with high frequency of occurrence ocur, are tries to be narrated from a cultural linguistic perspective. In line with the information obtained in the study, the way how different languages perceive the world, the way of naming the events, the thought structure of the past and present are shown.