Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay

DEMİR, Arzu ÇALIŞKAN

doi:10.17826/cumj.979055

Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay

Arzu ÇALIŞKAN DEMİR (İnönü Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatrisi Anabilim Dalı, Malatya, Türkiye)

Cukurova Medical Journal

9 2

Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 46 Sayı: 4 Sayfa Aralığı: 1493 - 1499 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.17826/cumj.979055 İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay

Öz:

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the diagnoses, sociodemographic and clinical features of patients who applied to the child psychiatry outpatient clinic with speech delay, and to determine the relationship between these features and psychiatric diagnoses. Materials and Methods: The data from 152 patients presented with speech delay were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants including; birth history, comorbidities, caregiver information, bilingualism, screen exposure, family history of speech delay, parental psychopathology and psychiatric diagnoses were examined. Results: Of the 152 participants 78.9% (n=120) were boys and the mean age was 34.6±8.2 months. The rate of being exposed to the screen (more than one hour) was 55.9%, the presence of a family history of speech delay was 36.2%, and the presence of psychopathology was 28.9%. Of the children with speech delay, 36.2% were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 27.0% with stimulus deficiency (SD), 20.4% with cognitive developmental delay (CDD) and 16.4% with language disorder (LD). Family history of speech delay was found to be higher in the groups diagnosed with ASD and SD. Chronic medical disease was higher in CDD and ASD groups and screen exposure was higher in the SD group compared to the other groups. Conclusion: This study is important in terms of knowing the psychiatric diagnoses and rates of children with speech delay, determining the factors that may affect this condition, and taking preventive measures in the early period.

Anahtar Kelime: infant mental health preschool. Speech delay child psychiatry

Konuşma gecikmesi olan çocukların tanıları ve klinik özellikleri

Öz:

Amaç: Bu çalışmada konuşma gecikmesi ile çocuk psikiyatri polikliniğine başvuran hastaların aldıkları tanıların, sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerin ve bu özelliklerin psikiyatrik tanılarla ilişkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Konuşma gecikmesi ile başvuran 152 hastanın verileri geriye dönük olarak analiz edilmiş, katılımcıların demografik ve klinik özellikleri; doğum öyküsü, komorbiditeler, bakımveren bilgileri, iki dillilik, ekrana maruz kalma, ailede konuşma gecikmesi öyküsü ve ebeveyn psikopatolojisi ve aldıkları psikiyatrik tanılar incelenmiştir. Bulgular: 152 katılımcının 120’si erkek (%78.9) cinsiyette idi ve katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 34.6±8.2 aydı. Konuşma gecikmesi ile başvuran hastalarda günde bir saatten fazla ekrana maruz kalma oranı % 55.9, ailede konuşma gecikmesi öyküsü olması % 36.2, ebeveynde psikopatoloji varlığı % 28.9 saptanmıştır. Konuşma gecikmesi olan çocukların % 36.2’si Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB), % 27.0’ı uyaran eksikliği, % 20.4’ü Bilişsel Gelişimde Gecikme (BGG), % 16.4’ü ise Dil Bozukluğu (DB) tanısı almıştır. Ailede konuşma gecikme öyküsü, OSB ve uyaran eksikliği gruplarında diğerlerine oranla daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Kronik tıbbi hastalığın varlığı BGG ve OSB grubunda daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ekran maruziyeti ise uyaran eksikliği grubunda diğer gruplara oranla daha yüksek saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, konuşma gecikmesi olan çocukların psikiyatrik tanılarının ve oranlarının bilinmesi, bu duruma etki edebilecek faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve erken dönemde önleyici tedbirlerin alınması açısından önemlidir

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1. Wallace IF, Berkman ND, Watson LR, Coyne-Beasley T, Wood CT, Cullen K et al. Screening for speech and language delay in children 5 years old and younger: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2015;136:e448-62.
2. Başay BK, Tezer D. Üç yaş öncesi konuşma gecikmesi nedeniyle çocuk psikiyatri polikliniklerine başvuran çocuklara ne oldu? 2 yıl sonrasına ait veriler. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi. 2020;13:373-84.
3. Boyle J. Speech and language delays in preschool children. BMJ. 2011;343:d5181.
4. Huttenlocher J, Haight W, Bryk A, Seltzer M, Lyons T. Early vocabulary growth: Relation to language input and gender. Dev Psychol.1991;27:236–48.
5. Feldman HM, Dale PS, Campbell TF, Colborn DK, Kurs-Lasky M, Rockette HE. Concurrent and predictive validity of parent reports of child language at ages 2 and 3 years. Child Dev. 2005;76:856-68.
6. Kayiran SM, Soyak G, Gürakan B. Electronic media use by children in families of high socioeconomic level and familial factors. Turk J Pediatr. 2010;52:491-9.
7. McLaughlin MR. Speech and language delay in children. Am Fam Physician. 2011;83:183-8.
8. Serdaroğlu A, Cansu A, Ozkan S, Tezcan S. Prevalence of cerebral palsy in Turkish children between the ages of 2 and 16 years. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2006;48:413-6.
9. Fox AV, Dodd B, Howard D. Risk factors for speech disorders in children. Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2002;37:117–32.
10. Zubrick SR, Taylor CL, Rice ML, Slegers DW. Late language emergence at 24 months: An epidemiological study of prevalence, predictors, and covariates. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2007;50:1562–92.
11. McLeod S, Harrison LJ. Epidemiology of speech and language impairment in a nationally representative sample of 4-to 5-year-old children. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2009;52:1213-29
12. Sevgen FH, Altun H. Çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi polikliniğine başvuran 0-5 yaş arası çocukların başvuru şikayetleri ve psikiyatrik tanıları. Journal of Mood Disorders. 2017;7:205–11.
13. Keskindemirci G, Gokcay G. Dil gelişimi gecikmiş olan çocuklarda ekran maruziyeti: ön çalişma sonuçları. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. 2020;82:29-30.
14. Weindrich D, Jennen-Steinmetz C, Laucht M, Esser G, Schmidt MH. Epidemiology and prognosis of specific disorders of language and scholastic skills. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;9:186–94.
15. Kılıç C. Türkiye’de ruhsal hastalıkların yaygınlığı ve ruhsal tedavi ihtiyacı konusunda neredeyiz? Toplum ve Hekim Dergisi 2020;35:179-87.
16. Stanton-Chapman TL, Chapman DA, Bainbridge NL, Scott KG. Identification of early risk factors for language impairment. Res Dev Disabil. 2002;23:390– 405.
17. Sunderajan T, Kanhere SV. Speech and language delay in children: Prevalence and risk factors. J Family Med Prim Care. 2019;8:1642–46.
18. Uzun Cıcek A, Sarı SA, Mercan Isık C. Sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, and prevalence of comorbidity among children and adolescents with intellectual disability: a crosssectional study. J Ment Health Res Intellect Disabil. 2020;13:66-85.
19. Duch H, Fisher EM, Ensari I, Font M, Harrington A, Taromino C et al. Association of screen time use and language development in Hispanic toddlers: a crosssectional and longitudinal study. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2013;52:857-65.
20. AAP. Announces new recommendations for children’s media use. 21.10.2016 Available from: URL: https://www. aap.org/en-us/about-theaap/aap-press-room/pages/ american-academy-ofpediatrics-announces- newrecommendations- forchildrens- media-use.aspx. Accessed at 03.06.2021.
21. Çiçek AU, Akdag E, Erdivanli OC. Sociodemographic characteristics associated with speech and language delay and disorders. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2020;208:143- 6.
22. Harrison LJ, McLeod S. Risk and protective factors associated with speech and language impairment in a nationally representative sample of 4-to 5-year-old children. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2010;53:508-29.
23. Küçük Ö, Ulaş G, Yaylacı F, Miral S. Geniş otizm fenotipi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 2018;10:228-48.
24. Tuchman R. Autism and social cognition in epilepsy: implications for comprehensive epilepsy care. Curr Opin Neurol. 2013;26:214-8.
25. Sevketoglu T, Kilincaslan A, Mukaddes MN. Autistic spectrum disorders in individuals with severe hearing impairment. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2011;20:148-9.
26. Oeseburg B, Dijkstra GJ, Groothoff JW, Reijneveld SA, Jansen DE. Prevalence of chronic health conditions in children with intellectual disability: a systematic literature review. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2011;49:59-85.

APA	DEMİR A (2021). Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay. , 1493 - 1499. 10.17826/cumj.979055
Chicago	DEMİR Arzu ÇALIŞKAN Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay. (2021): 1493 - 1499. 10.17826/cumj.979055
MLA	DEMİR Arzu ÇALIŞKAN Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay. , 2021, ss.1493 - 1499. 10.17826/cumj.979055
AMA	DEMİR A Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay. . 2021; 1493 - 1499. 10.17826/cumj.979055
Vancouver	DEMİR A Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay. . 2021; 1493 - 1499. 10.17826/cumj.979055
IEEE	DEMİR A "Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay." , ss.1493 - 1499, 2021. 10.17826/cumj.979055
ISNAD	DEMİR, Arzu ÇALIŞKAN. "Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay". (2021), 1493-1499. https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.979055

APA	DEMİR A (2021). Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay. Cukurova Medical Journal, 46(4), 1493 - 1499. 10.17826/cumj.979055
Chicago	DEMİR Arzu ÇALIŞKAN Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay. Cukurova Medical Journal 46, no.4 (2021): 1493 - 1499. 10.17826/cumj.979055
MLA	DEMİR Arzu ÇALIŞKAN Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay. Cukurova Medical Journal, vol.46, no.4, 2021, ss.1493 - 1499. 10.17826/cumj.979055
AMA	DEMİR A Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay. Cukurova Medical Journal. 2021; 46(4): 1493 - 1499. 10.17826/cumj.979055
Vancouver	DEMİR A Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay. Cukurova Medical Journal. 2021; 46(4): 1493 - 1499. 10.17826/cumj.979055
IEEE	DEMİR A "Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay." Cukurova Medical Journal, 46, ss.1493 - 1499, 2021. 10.17826/cumj.979055
ISNAD	DEMİR, Arzu ÇALIŞKAN. "Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of children with speech delay". Cukurova Medical Journal 46/4 (2021), 1493-1499. https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.979055