Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms

Didem KART, (Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey)
Samiye YABANOĞLU ÇİFTÇİ, (Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey)
Emirhan NEMUTLU (Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey)
Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
3 1
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 5 Sayfa Aralığı: 40 - 46 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235 İndeks Tarihi: 18-01-2022

Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms

Öz:
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of Enterococcus faecalis on the cell growth and hyphal formation of Candida albicans and to understand the exact mechanism of candidal inhibition by the existence of E. faecalis by metabolomic analysis. Materials and Methods: Single- and dual-species biofilms of E. faecalis and C. albicans were formed in a microtiter plate, and the metabolomic profiles of both biofilms was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The hyphal cell growth of C. albicans after treatment with both the supernatant and biofilm cells of E. faecalis was examined microscopically. The expression levels of Efg1 and the images of C. albicans cell wall in single- and dual-species biofilms were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The violacein levels produced by Chromobacterium violaceum were measured to determine the quorum sensing (QS) inhibitory activity of single- and dual-species biofilms. Results: The biofilm cell growth, Efg1 expression, and hyphal development of C. albicans were inhibited by E. faecalis. Compared to single-species biofilms, alterations in carbohydrate, amino acid, and polyamine metabolites were observed in the dual-species biofilm for both microorganisms. Putrescine and pipecolic acid were detected at high levels in dual-species biofilm. A thicker β-glucan chitin and a denser and narrower fibrillar mannan layer of C. albicans cell wall were observed in dual-species biofilm. QS inhibitory activity was higher in dual-species biofilm suspensions of E. faecalis and C. albicans than in their single-species biofilms. Conclusion: E. faecalis inhibited the hyphal development and biofilm formation of C. albicans. Biofilm suspensions of C. albicans and E. faecalis showed an anti-QS activity, which increased even further in the environment where the two species coexisted. Investigation of putrescine and pipecolic acid can be an important step to understand the inhibition of C. albicans by bacteria.
Anahtar Kelime:

Enterococcus faecalis ve Candida albicans Biyofilmleri Arasındaki Etkileşimler Üzerine Metabolomik Odaklı Yaklaşımlar

Öz:
Amaç: Enterococcus faecalis’in Candida albicans’ın hücre büyümesi ve hifal gelişimi üzerine etkisini değerlendirmeyi ve E. faecalis varlığında candidal inhibisyonunun ana mekanizmasını metabolomik analizler ile belirlemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: E. faecalis ve C. albicans’ın tek ve ikili biyofilmleri mikroplak içinde geliştirildi ve her iki biyofilmin metabolit profili gaz kromatografisi-kütle spektrometresi ile belirlendi. C. albicans’ın hifal hücre büyümesi, E. faecalis’in hem süpernatant hem de biyofilm hücreleri ile muamelesi sonrasında mikroskobik olarak incelendi. Efg1 ekspresyon seviyeleri ve tek ve ikili biyofilmlerdeki C. albicans’ın hücre duvarı görüntüleri sırasıyla RT-qPCR ve transmisyon elektron mikroskobu ile belirlendi. Chromobacterium violaceum tarafından üretilen violacein seviyeleri, tek ve ikili biyofilmlerin quorum sensing (QS) inhibitör aktivitelerini belirlemek amacıyla ölçüldü. Bulgular: C. albicans’ın biyofilm hücre büyümesi, Efg1 ekspresyonu ve hifal gelişimi E. faecalis tarafından inhibe edilmiştir. Tekli biyofilmler ile karşılaştırıldığında, her iki mikroorganizma için ikili biyofilmde karbonhidrat, amino asit ve poliamin metabolitlerinde değişiklikler gözlenmiştir. İkili biyofilmde putresin ve pipekolik asit yüksek düzeyde tespit edilmiştir. C. albicans hücre duvarının daha kalın β-glukan kitin ve daha yoğun ve daha dar fibrillar mannan tabakası ikili biyofilmde gözlenmiştir. E. faecalis ve C. albicans’ın ikili tür biyofilm süspansiyonlarında ölçülen QS inhibitör aktivitesinin tekli biyofilmlerine kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: E. faecalis, C. albicans’ın hifal gelişimini ve biyofilm oluşumunu inhibe etmiştir. C. albicans ve E. faecalis’in biyofilm süspansiyonları, iki türün bir arada bulunduğu ortamda daha da artan bir anti-QS aktivitesi göstermiştir. Putresin ve pipekolik asitin araştırılması, C. albicans’ın bakteriler tarafından inhibisyonunu anlamak için önemli bir adım olabilir.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA Kart D, Yabanoglu-ciftci s, Nemutlu E (2021). Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms. , 40 - 46. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
Chicago Kart Didem,Yabanoglu-ciftci samiye,Nemutlu Emirhan Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms. (2021): 40 - 46. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
MLA Kart Didem,Yabanoglu-ciftci samiye,Nemutlu Emirhan Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms. , 2021, ss.40 - 46. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
AMA Kart D,Yabanoglu-ciftci s,Nemutlu E Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms. . 2021; 40 - 46. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
Vancouver Kart D,Yabanoglu-ciftci s,Nemutlu E Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms. . 2021; 40 - 46. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
IEEE Kart D,Yabanoglu-ciftci s,Nemutlu E "Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms." , ss.40 - 46, 2021. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
ISNAD Kart, Didem vd. "Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms". (2021), 40-46. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
APA Kart D, Yabanoglu-ciftci s, Nemutlu E (2021). Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18(5), 40 - 46. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
Chicago Kart Didem,Yabanoglu-ciftci samiye,Nemutlu Emirhan Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 18, no.5 (2021): 40 - 46. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
MLA Kart Didem,Yabanoglu-ciftci samiye,Nemutlu Emirhan Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol.18, no.5, 2021, ss.40 - 46. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
AMA Kart D,Yabanoglu-ciftci s,Nemutlu E Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2021; 18(5): 40 - 46. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
Vancouver Kart D,Yabanoglu-ciftci s,Nemutlu E Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2021; 18(5): 40 - 46. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
IEEE Kart D,Yabanoglu-ciftci s,Nemutlu E "Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms." Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18, ss.40 - 46, 2021. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
ISNAD Kart, Didem vd. "Metabolomics-driven Approaches on Interactions Between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans Biofilms". Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 18/5 (2021), 40-46. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.71235
Sayfa Oluşturulma Tarihi
23-04-2024 21:6

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