A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers

Altın, Duygu; Taşkın, Salih; ortaç, fırat

doi:10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025

A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers

Duygu ALTIN, (Ordu University Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ordu, Turkey)

Salih TAŞKIN, (Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ankara, Turkey)

Fırat ORTAÇ (Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ankara, Turkey)

Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association

3 0

Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 93 - 97 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025 İndeks Tarihi: 20-01-2022

A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers

Öz:

Lymph node metastasis both increases disease stage and alters adjuvant treatment plans in gynecologic cancers. Since a minority of the patients have nodal metastasis, many patients unnecessarily undergo complete lymphadenectomy and are exposed to the subsequent morbidities. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping is an alternative for evaluation of lymph nodes with lesser side effects. Although it is yet an experimental approach in ovarian cancer, it has been incorporated into guidelines for endometrial, cervical and vulvar cancers. We aimed to summarize the current situation of SLN mapping in gynecologic cancers. (J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2021; 22: 242-8)

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1. National Comprehensive Cancer Network, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: uterine neoplasms, Version 1.2021. (Accessed on 7.11.2020) https://www.nccn.org/professionals/ physician_gls/pdf/uterine_blocks.pdf
2. National Comprehensive Cancer Network, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: cervical cancer, Version 1.2021. (Accessed on 7.11.2020) https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/ pdf/cervical_blocks.pdf
3. National Comprehensive Cancer Network, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: vulvar cancer (squamous cell carcinoma), Version 2.2021. Accessed on 7.11.2020 https://www.nccn.org/ professionals/physician_gls/pdf/vulvar_blocks.pdf
4. Bodurtha Smith AJ, Fader AN, Tanner EJ. Sentinel lymph node assessment in endometrial cancer: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 216: 459-76.e10.
5. Rob L, Robova H, Halaska MJ, Hruda M, Skapa P. Current status of sentinel lymph node mapping in the management of cervical cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2013; 13: 861-70.
6. Meads C, Sutton AJ, Rosenthal AN, Malysiak S, Kowalska M, Zapalska A, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in vulval cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 2014; 110: 2837- 46.
7. Morice P, Leary A, Creutzberg C, Abu-Rustum N, Darai E. Endometrial cancer. Lancet 2016; 387: 1094-108.
8. Carlson JW, Kauderer J, Hutson A, Carter J, Armer J, Lockwood S, et al. GOG 244-The lymphedema and gynecologic cancer (LEG) study: Incidence and risk factors in newly diagnosed patients. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 156: 467-74.
9. Benedetti Panici P, Basile S, Maneschi F, Alberto Lissoni A, Signorelli M, Scambia G, et al. Systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy vs. no lymphadenectomy in early-stage endometrial carcinoma: randomized clinical trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2008; 100: 1707-16.
10. ASTEC study group, Kitchener H, Swart AM, Qian Q, Amos C, Parmar MK. Efficacy of systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer (MRC ASTEC trial): a randomised study. Lancet 2009; 373: 125-36.
11. Mariani A, Webb MJ, Keeney GL, Haddock MG, Calori G, Podratz GC. Low-risk corpus cancer: is lymphadenectomy or radiotherapy necessary? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 182: 1506-19.
12. Altin D, Taşkın S, Kahramanoglu I, Vatansever D, Tokgozoglu N, Karabük E, et al. Combination of sentinel lymph node mapping and uterine frozen section examination to reduce side-specific lymphadenectomy rate in endometrial cancer: a Turkish Gynecologic Oncology Group study (TRSGO-SLN-002). Int J Gynecol Cancer 2020; 30: 1005-11.
13. Vargas R, Rauh-Hain JA, Clemmer J, Clark RM, Goodman A, Growdon WB, et al. Tumor size, depth of invasion, and histologic grade as prognostic factors of lymph node involvement in endometrial cancer: a SEER analysis. Gynecol Oncol 2014; 133: 216-20.
14. Case AS, Rocconi RP, Straughn JM Jr, Conner M, Novak L, Wang W, et al. A prospective blinded evaluation of the accuracy of frozen section for the surgical management of endometrial cancer. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 108: 1375-9.
15. Gitas G, Proppe L, Alkatout I, Rody A, Kotanidis C, Tsolakidis D, et al. Accuracy of frozen section at early clinical stage of endometrioid endometrial cancer: a retrospective analysis in Germany. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 300: 169-74.
16. Taşkın S, Şükür YE, Altın D, Ersöz CC, Turgay B, Kankaya D, et al. Laparoscopic near-infrared fluorescent imaging as an alternative option for sentinel lymph node mapping in endometrial cancer: A prospective study. Int J Surg 2017; 47: 13-7.
17. Rossi EC, Kowalski LD, Scalici J, Cantrell L, Schuler K, Hanna RK, et al. A comparison of sentinel lymph node biopsy to lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer staging (FIRES trial): a multicentre, prospective, cohort study. Lancet Oncol 2017; 18: 384-92.
18. Ballester M, Dubernard G, Lécuru F, Heitz D, Mathevet P, Marret H, et al. Detection rate and diagnostic accuracy of sentinel-node biopsy in early stage endometrial cancer: a prospective multicentre study (SENTI-ENDO). Lancet Oncol 2011; 12: 469-76.
19. Taşkın S, Altin D, Vatansever D, Tokgozoglu N, Karabük E, Turan H, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in early stage endometrial cancer: a Turkish gynecologic oncology group study (TRSGO-SLN-001). Int J Gynecol Cancer 2020; 30: 299-304.
20. Ducie JA, Eriksson AGZ, Ali N, McGree ME, Weaver AL, Bogani G, et al. Comparison of a sentinel lymph node mapping algorithm and comprehensive lymphadenectomy in the detection of stage IIIC endometrial carcinoma at higher risk for nodal disease. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 147: 541-8.
21. Zahl Eriksson AG, Ducie J, Ali N, McGree ME, Weaver AL, Bogani G, et al. Comparison of a sentinel lymph node and a selective lymphadenectomy algorithm in patients with endometrioid endometrial carcinoma and limited myometrial invasion. Gynecol Oncol 2016; 140: 394-9.
22. Tanner EJ, Sinno AK, Stone RL, Levinson KL, Long KC, Fader AN. Factors associated with successful bilateral sentinel lymph node mapping in endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 138: 542-7.
23. Martinelli F, Ditto A, Bogani G, Signorelli M, Chiappa V, Lorusso D, et al. Laparoscopic Sentinel Node Mapping in Endometrial Cancer After Hysteroscopic Injection of Indocyanine Green. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2017; 24: 89-93.
24. Kim CH, Soslow RA, Park KJ, Barber EL, Khoury-Collado F, Barlin JN, et al. Pathologic ultrastaging improves micrometastasis detection in sentinel lymph nodes during endometrial cancer staging. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2013; 23: 964-70.
25. Fanfani F, Monterossi G, Di Meo ML, La Fera E, Dell’Orto F, Gioe A, et al. Standard ultra-staging compared to one-step nucleic acid amplification for the detection of sentinel lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer patients: a retrospective cohort comparison. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2020; 30: 372-7.
26. Kost’un J, Pešta M, Sláma J, Slunéčko R, Vlasák P, Bouda J, et al. One-step nucleic acid amplification vs ultrastaging in the detection of sentinel lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer patients. J Surg Oncol 2019; 119: 361-9.
27. Plante M, Stanleigh J, Renaud MC, Sebastianelli A, Grondin K, Gregoire J. Isolated tumor cells identified by sentinel lymph node mapping in endometrial cancer: Does adjuvant treatment matter? Gynecol Oncol 2017; 146: 240-6.
28. Bogani G, Casarin J, Maggiore ULR, Ditto A, Pinelli C, Dell'acqua A, et al. Survival outcomes in endometrial cancer patients having lymphadenectomy, sentinel node mapping followed by lymphadectomy and sentinel node mapping alone: Long-term results of a propensity-matched analysis. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 158: 77-83.
29. Multinu F, Ducie JA, Eriksson AGZ, Schlappe BA, Cliby WA, Glaser GE, et al. Role of lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer with nonbulky lymph node metastasis: Comparison of comprehensive surgical staging and sentinel lymph node algorithm. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 155: 177-85.
30. Buda A, Restaino S, Di Martino G, De Ponti E, Monterossi G, Dinoi G, et al. The impact of the type of nodal assessment on prognosis in patients with high-intermediate and high-risk ESMO/ESGO/ESTRO Group endometrial cancer. A multicenter Italian study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2018; 44: 1562-7.
31. Schiavone MB, Scelzo C, Straight C, Zhou Q, Alektiar KM, Makker V, et al. Survival of Patients with Serous Uterine Carcinoma Undergoing Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping. Ann Surg Oncol 2017; 24: 1965-71.
32. Selman TJ, Mann C, Zamora J, Appleyard TL, Khan K. Diagnostic accuracy of tests for lymph node status in primary cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ 2008; 178: 855-62.
33. Lécuru F, Mathevet P, Querleu D, Leblanc E, Morice P, Daraï E, et al. Bilateral negative sentinel nodes accurately predict absence of lymph node metastasis in early cervical cancer: results of the SENTICOL study. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29: 1686-91.
34. Altgassen C, Hertel H, Brandstadt A, Köhler C, Dürst M, Schneider A, et al. Multicenter validation study of the sentinel lymph node concept in cervical cancer: AGO study group. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 2943-51.
35. Cibula D, Abu-Rustum NR, Dusek L, Slama J, Zikán M, Zaal A, et al. Bilateral ultrastaging of sentinel lymph node in cervical cancer: Lowering the false-negative rate and improving the detection of micrometastasis. Gynecol Oncol 2012; 127: 462-6.
36. Guani B, Balaya V, Magaud L, Lecuru F, Mathevet P. The clinical impact of low-volume lymph nodal metastasis in early-stage cervical cancer: the Senticol 1 and Senticol 2 Trials. Cancers 2020; 12: 1061.
37. Woelber L, Eulenburg C, Choschzick M, Kruell A, Petersen C, Gieseking F, et al. Prognostic role of lymph node metastases in vulvar cancer and implications for adjuvant treatment. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2012; 22: 503-8.
38. Grimm D, Prieske K, Mathey S, Kuerti S, Burandt E, Schmalfeldt B, et al. Superficially invasive stage IA vulvar squamous cell carcionomatherapy and prognosis. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019; 29: 466-73.
39. Homesley HD, Bundy BN, Sedlis A, Yordan E, Berek JS, Jahshan A, et al. Prognostic factors for groin metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (a Gynecologic Oncology Group study). Gynecol Oncol 1993; 49: 279-83.
40. Brincat MR, Muscat Baron Y. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in the management of vulvar carcinoma: an evidence-based insight. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2017; 27: 1769-73.
41. Covens A, Vella ET, Kennedy EB, Reade CJ, Jimenez W, Le T. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in vulvar cancer: Systematic review, meta-analysis and guideline recommendations. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 137(2): 351-61.
42. Levenback CF, Ali S, Coleman RL, Gold MA, Fowler JM, Judson PL, et al. Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy in women with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: a gynecologic oncology group study. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30: 3786-91.
43. Fotopoulou C, Ind T, Baldwin P, Crawford R, Devaja O, Dobbs S, et al. Sentinel lymph node consensus document of the British Gynaecological Cancer Society for endometrial, vulvar, and cervical cancers. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019; 29: 1348-50.
44. Van der Zee AG, Oonk MH, De Hullu JA, Ansink AC, Vergote I, Verheijen RH, et al. Sentinel node dissection is safe in the treatment of early-stage vulvar cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 884-9.
45. Te Grootenhuis NC, van der Zee AG, van Doorn HC, van der Velden J, Vergote I, Zanagnolo V, et al. Sentinel nodes in vulvar cancer: Long-term follow-up of the GROningen INternational Study on Sentinel nodes in Vulvar cancer (GROINSS-V) I. Gynecol Oncol 2016; 140: 8-14.
46. Oonk MHM, Slomovitz B, Baldwin P, van Doorn H, van der Velden J, de Hullu J, et al. Radiotherapy instead of inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy in vulvar cancer patients with a metastatic sentinel lymph node: results of GROINSS-V II. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019; 29(Suppl4): A13.
47. Morice P, Joulie F, Camatte S, Atallah D, Rouzier R, Pautier P, et al. Lymph node involvement in epithelial ovarian cancer: analysis of 276 pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomies and surgical implications. J Am Coll Surg 2003; 197: 198-205.
48. Cass I, Li AJ, Runowicz CD, Fields AL, Goldberg GL, Leuchter RS, et al. Pattern of lymph node metastases in clinically unilateral stage I invasive epithelial ovarian carcinomas. Gynecol Oncol 2001; 80: 56-61.
49. Timmers PJ, Zwinderman K, Coens C, Vergote I, Trimbos JB. Lymph node sampling and taking of blind biopsies are important elements of the surgical staging of early ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2010; 20: 1142-7.
50. Dell’Orto F, Laven P, Delle Marchette M, Lambrechts S, Kruitwagen R, Buda A. Feasibility of sentinel lymph node mapping of the ovary: a systematic review. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019; 29: 1209-15.
51. Lago V, Bello P, Montero B, Matute L, Padilla-Iserte P, Lopez S, et al. Sentinel lymph node technique in early-stage ovarian cancer (SENTOV): a phase II clinical trial. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2020; 30: 1390-6.
52. Uccella S, Nero C, Vizza E, Vargiu V, Corrado G, Bizzarri N, et al. Sentinel node biopsy in early-stage ovarian cancer: preliminary results of a prospective multicentre study (SELLY). Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 221: 324.e10.

APA	Altın D, Taşkın S, ortaç f (2021). A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers. , 93 - 97. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
Chicago	Altın Duygu,Taşkın Salih,ortaç fırat A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers. (2021): 93 - 97. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
MLA	Altın Duygu,Taşkın Salih,ortaç fırat A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers. , 2021, ss.93 - 97. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
AMA	Altın D,Taşkın S,ortaç f A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers. . 2021; 93 - 97. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
Vancouver	Altın D,Taşkın S,ortaç f A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers. . 2021; 93 - 97. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
IEEE	Altın D,Taşkın S,ortaç f "A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers." , ss.93 - 97, 2021. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
ISNAD	Altın, Duygu vd. "A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers". (2021), 93-97. https://doi.org/10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025

APA	Altın D, Taşkın S, ortaç f (2021). A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers. Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association, 22(3), 93 - 97. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
Chicago	Altın Duygu,Taşkın Salih,ortaç fırat A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers. Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association 22, no.3 (2021): 93 - 97. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
MLA	Altın Duygu,Taşkın Salih,ortaç fırat A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers. Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association, vol.22, no.3, 2021, ss.93 - 97. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
AMA	Altın D,Taşkın S,ortaç f A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers. Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association. 2021; 22(3): 93 - 97. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
Vancouver	Altın D,Taşkın S,ortaç f A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers. Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association. 2021; 22(3): 93 - 97. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
IEEE	Altın D,Taşkın S,ortaç f "A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers." Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association, 22, ss.93 - 97, 2021. 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025
ISNAD	Altın, Duygu vd. "A short review of current implementations of sentinel lymph node mapping in gynecologic cancers". Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association 22/3 (2021), 93-97. https://doi.org/10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2021.0025