Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 55 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 116 - 123 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.26650/eor.2021872015 İndeks Tarihi: 28-01-2022

Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin

Öz:
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate flexural strength, elastic modulus and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate resin, polyamide resin and glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. Materials and Methods Three groups were determined according to denture base materials as polymethyl methacrylate resin (H), polyamide resin (P) and glass fiber reinforced polyamide resin (R). Sixteen specimens for each denture base material were prepared with dimensions of 64x10x3.3 mm for three-point bending test. Two specimens for each denture base material were prepared with dimensions of 30x10x3 mm for DMA. Polymethyl methacrylate and polyamide specimens were prepared according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. The silane was applied to glass fibers (4.5 mm length) 2% by weight of the polyamide resin, they were placed in polyamide resin cartilages and injected to the mold. The thermal aging procedure was applied to half of specimens of each material (n=8). Flexural strength and elastic modulus of the specimens were determined by three-point bending test at a speed of 5 mm/ min. DMA was performed to 1 specimen from each group to evaluate viscoelastic properties. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, Tukey and Paired t tests. Results A statistically significant difference was found in flexural strength and elastic modulus values of denture base materials (p=0.00). The highest flexural strength and elastic modulus values were observed in polymethyl methacrylate group. There was no significant difference between polyamide and glass-fiber reinforced polyamide groups (p=0.497). No significant difference was determined in all threedenture base materials before and after aging procedure. Conclusion The reinforcement with glass-fibers did not affect the flexural strength and elastic modulus of polyamide resin.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • 1. Uzun G, Hersek N, Tinçer T. Effect of five woven fiber reinforcements on the impact and transverse strength of a denture base resin. J Prosthet Dent 1999;81:616-20.
  • 2. Köroğlu, A, Özdemir T, Usanmaz A. Comparative study of the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced denture base resin. J App Polymer Sci 2009;113:716-20.
  • 3. Ali IL, Yunus N, Abu-Hassan MI. Hardness, Flexural Strength, and Flexural Modulus Comparisons of Three Differently Cured Denture Base Systems. J Prosthodont 2008;17:545-9.
  • 4. Athar Z, Juszczyk AS, Radford DR, Clark RK. Effect of curing cycles on the mechanical properties of heat cured acrylic resins. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2009;17:58-60.
  • 5. Kanie T, Arikawa H, Fujii K, Ban S. Flexural properties of denture base polymers reinforced with a glass cloth–urethane polymer composite. Dent Mater 2004;20:709-16.
  • 6. Doğan OM, Bolayir G, Keskin S, Doğan A, Bek B. The evaluation of some flexural properties of a denture base resin reinforced with various aesthetic fibers. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2008;19:2343-9.
  • 7. Foo SH, Lindquist TJ, Aquilino SA, Schneider RL, Williamson DL, Boyer DB. Effect of polyaramid fiber reinforcement on the strength of 3 denture base polymethyl methacrylate resins. J Prosthodont 2001;10:148-53.
  • 8. Uçar Y, Akova T, Aysan I. Mechanical properties of polyamide versus different PMMA denture base materials. J Prosthodont 2012;21:173-6.
  • 9. Nagakura M, Tanimoto Y, Nishiyama N. Effect of fiber content on flexural properties of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide-6 prepared by injection molding. Dent Mater J 2017;36:415-21.
  • 10. Al-Harbi FA, Abdel-Halim MS, Gad MM, Fouda SM, Baba NZ, AlRumaih HS, Akhtar S. Effect of Nanodiamond Addition on Flexural Strength, Impact Strength, and Surface Roughness of PMMA Denture Base. J Prosthodont 2019;28:417-25.
  • 11. He X, Peng J, Peng T, Qian Z. A novel botryoidal aramid fiber reinforcement of a PMMA resin for a restorative biomaterial. Biomater Sci 2017;28:808-16.
  • 12. Gad MM, Al-Thobity AM, Rahoma A, Abualsaud R, Al-Harbi FA, Akhtar S. Reinforcement of PMMA Denture Base Material with a Mixture of ZrO2 Nanoparticles and Glass Fibers. Int J Dent 2019;2019:1-11.
  • 13. Dhole PI, Shetty R, Huddar D, Sankeshwari B, Chopade S. Reinforcement of Aluminum Oxide Filler on the Flexural Strength of Different Types of Denture Base Resins: An In vitro Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017;11:101-4.
  • 14. Abdallah RM. Evaluation of polymethyl methacrylate resin mechanical properties with incorporated halloysite nanotubes. J Adv Prosthodont 2016;8:167-71.
  • 15. Kumar V, Kumar L, Sehgal K, Datta K, Pal B. A Comparative Evaluation of Effect of Reinforced Autopolymerizing Resin on the Flexural Strength of Repaired Heatpolymerized Denture Base Resin before and after Thermocycling. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017;7:99-106.
  • 16. Somkuwar S, Mishra SK, Agrawal B, Choure R. Comparison of the flexural strength of polymethyl methacrylate resin reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes and processed by conventional water bath technique and microwave polymerization. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2017;17:332-9.
  • 17. Sasaki H, Hamanaka I, Takahashi Y, Kawaguchi T. Effect of reinforcement on the flexural properties of ınjection-molded thermoplastic denture base resins. J Prosthodont 2017;26:302- 8.
  • 18. Takashi T, Gonda T, Mizuno Y, Fujinami Y, Maeda Y. Reinforcement in removable prosthodontics: a literature review. J Oral Rehabil 2017;44:133-43.
  • 19. Ladha K, Shah D. An In-Vitro Evaluation of the Flexural Strength of Heat-Polymerized Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) Denture Resin Reinforced with Fibers. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2011;11:215- 20.
  • 20. Gharehchahi J, Aghdaee NA, Kermani N. Evaluation of FRC reinforcing on flexural strength of acrylic resin denture bases. N Y State Dental J 2010;76:40-3.
  • 21. Ganzarolli SM, Mello JAN, Shinkai RS, et al. Internal adaptation and some physical properties of methacrylate-based denture base resins polymerized by different techniques. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: App Biomater 2007;82:169-73.
  • 22. Anderson GC, Schulte JK, Arnold TG: Dimensional stability of injection and conventional processing of denture base acrylic resin. J Prosthet Dent 1988;60:394-8.
  • 23. Strohaver RA. Comparison of changes in vertical dimension between compression and injection molded complete dentures. J Prosthet Dent 1989;62:716-8.
  • 24. Huggett R, Zissis A, Harrison A, et al: Dimensional accuracy and stability of acrylic resin denture bases. J Prosthet Dent 1992;68:634-40.
  • 25. Stafford GD, Huggett R, MacGregor AR, Graham J. The use of nylon as a denture-base material. J Dent 1986;14:18-22.
  • 26. Hargreaves AS. Nylon as a denture-base material. Dent Pract Dent Rec 1971;22:122-8.
  • 27. MacGregor AR, Graham J, Stafford GD, Huggett R. Recent experiences with denture polymers. J Dent 1984;12:14657.
  • 28. International Standards Organization. Dentistry-Base polymersPart 1: Denture base polymers. ISO 20795-1. International Standards Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; 2013.
  • 29. https://www.kulzer.com/media/webmedia_local/downloads_ new/meliodent_1/medliodent_hc/GBA_MelioDent_HC_ Regio_INT.pdf
  • 30. Kürkçüoğlu I, Köroğlu A, Özkır SE, Özdemir T. A comparative study of polyamide and PMMA denture base biomaterials: I. Thermal, mechanical, and dynamic mechanical properties. Int J Polym Mater 2012;61:768-77.
  • 31. Kohli S, Bhaita S. Flexural properties of polyamide versus injectionmolded polymethylmethacrylate denture base materials. Eur J Prosthodont 2013;1:56-60.
  • 32. Soygun K, Bolayir G, Boztug A. Mechanical and thermal properties of polyamide versus reinforced PMMA denture base materials. J Adv Prosthodont 2013;5:153-60.
  • 33. Demir H, Gorler O, Dogan A, Ozden S. The assessment of impact properties of a denture base polymer reinforced with various fibers. Int J Acad Res 2017;9:15-9.
  • 34. McCabe JF, Walls AWG. Applied dental materials. 9th Ed., Copenhagen: Blackwell Munksgaard 2008, p.4-31.
  • 35. Chitchumnong P, Brooks SC, Stafford GD. Comparison of three and four-point flexural strength testing of denture-base polymers. Dent Mater 1989;5:2-5.
  • 36. Goiato MC, Santos DM, Haddad MF, Pesqueira AA. Effect of accelerated aging on the microhardness and color stability of flexible resins for dentures. Braz Oral Res 2010;24:1149.
  • 37. Wadachi J, Sato M, Igarashi Y. Evaluation of the rigidity of dentures made of injection-molded materials. Dent Mater J 2013;32:508-11.
  • 38. Feih S, Manatpon K, Mathys Z, Gibson AG, Mouritz AP. Strength degradation of glass fibers at high temperatures J Mater Sci 2009;44:392-400.
  • 39. Doğan OM, Bolayir G, Keskin S, Doğan A, Bek B, Boztuğ A. The effect of esthetic fibers on impact resistance of a conventional heat-cured denture base resin. Dent Mater J 2007;26:232-9.
  • 40. Karacaer O, Polat TN, Tezvergil A, Lassila LV, Vallittu PK. The effect of length and concentration of glass fibers on the mechanical properties of an injection-and a compression molded denture base polymer. J Prosthet Dent 2003;90:385-93.
  • 41. Kanie T, Fujii K, Arikawa H, Inoue K. Flexural properties and impact strength of denture base polymer reinforced with woven glass fibers. Dent Mater 2000;16:150-8.
  • 42. Aydoğan Ayaz E, Bağış B, Turgut S. Effects of thermal cycling on surface roughness, hardness and flexural strength of polymethylmethacrylate and polyamide denture base resins. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2015;13:280-6.
  • 43. Göhring TN, Gallo L, Lüthy H. Effect of water storage, thermocycling, the incorporation and site of placement of glass-fibers on the flexural strength of veneering composite. Dent Mater 2005;21:761-72.
  • 44. Takahashi Y, Hamanaka I, Shimizu H. Effect of thermal shock on mechanical properties of injection-molded thermoplastic denture base resins. Acta Odontol Scand 2012;70:297-302.
  • 45. Xie C, Han Y, Zhao XY, Wang ZY, He HM. Microtensile bond strength of one- and two-step self-etching adhesives on sclerotic dentin: the effects of thermocycling. Oper Dent 2010;35:547-55.
  • 46. Menard KP. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis: A Practical Introduction. 2nd Ed., Boca Raton: CRC Press 1999, p.1-14.
  • 47. Menard KP. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis Basics: Part 2 Thermoplastic Transitions and Properties: Application note. Perkin Elmer Inc 2007.
  • 48. Vojdani M, Giti R. Polyamide as a denture base material: A literature review. J Dent Shiraz Univ Med Sci 2015;16:1-9.
  • 49. http://www.dl.com.tr/downloads/msds/deflex/DEFLEX_MSDS. pdf.
  • 50. https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/15/ c7/2a/9ba9e36e51977c/US5266655.pdf
APA Ünver S, Yildirim Z (2021). Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. , 116 - 123. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
Chicago Ünver Senem,Yildirim Zeynep Arzu Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. (2021): 116 - 123. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
MLA Ünver Senem,Yildirim Zeynep Arzu Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. , 2021, ss.116 - 123. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
AMA Ünver S,Yildirim Z Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. . 2021; 116 - 123. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
Vancouver Ünver S,Yildirim Z Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. . 2021; 116 - 123. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
IEEE Ünver S,Yildirim Z "Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin." , ss.116 - 123, 2021. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
ISNAD Ünver, Senem - Yildirim, Zeynep Arzu. "Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin". (2021), 116-123. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.2021872015
APA Ünver S, Yildirim Z (2021). Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. European oral research (Online), 55(3), 116 - 123. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
Chicago Ünver Senem,Yildirim Zeynep Arzu Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. European oral research (Online) 55, no.3 (2021): 116 - 123. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
MLA Ünver Senem,Yildirim Zeynep Arzu Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. European oral research (Online), vol.55, no.3, 2021, ss.116 - 123. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
AMA Ünver S,Yildirim Z Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. European oral research (Online). 2021; 55(3): 116 - 123. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
Vancouver Ünver S,Yildirim Z Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. European oral research (Online). 2021; 55(3): 116 - 123. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
IEEE Ünver S,Yildirim Z "Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin." European oral research (Online), 55, ss.116 - 123, 2021. 10.26650/eor.2021872015
ISNAD Ünver, Senem - Yildirim, Zeynep Arzu. "Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin". European oral research (Online) 55/3 (2021), 116-123. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.2021872015