Objective: This study was conducted to determine the labor pain and fear of childbirth during the delivery in pregnant women and the effective factors. Material and Methods: The sample of this descriptive type research consisted of 130 pregnant women who admitted the relevant units at the time of the study, and met the research inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the research. The data were collected by using the "Pregnant Women Introduction Form", the "Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ)" and the "Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain Form". Percentile, frequency, arithmetic mean and standard deviation, Kruskal-Wallis test, MannWhitney U test, t-test in independent groups and Pearson correlation test were used for the data evaluation. Results: The mean age of the women involved in the study was 27.42±4.19, and the mean pregnancy week was 38.48±1.14. According to the W-DEQ, 33.8% of the pregnant women included in the study experienced a clinical level and 15.4% experienced a severe fear of childbirth. Their W-DEQ and VAS total mean scores were 66.46±28.40 and 5.82±3.15, respectively, and there was a positive, significant relationship between them (r=0.654, p<0.05). The difference between W-DEQ total mean scores were found to be statistically significant in terms of education status of the pregnant women and planned pregnancy status, while the difference between the VAS total mean scores was statistically significant in terms of mode of delivery, curettage presence and planned pregnancy status (p<0.05). Conclusion: In order to reduce the fear of childbirth and labor pain in women, it may be recommended to question their fears of childbirth during the pregnancy and provide counseling services.