In the post-2000 period, China achieved one of the most important economic miracles in world history. The priorities of Chinese foreign policy have been determined in a way that will contribute to the country's achievement of its economic goals. The 17+1 Platform, which was launched primarily for the strengthening of the economic ties between China and 17 countries located in Eastern Europe, is also a foreign policy mechanism serving the country’s economic interests. The 17+1 Platform has brought China together with a region where Europe traditionally gained power and influence as a result of the changing balances after the Cold War. Within the scope of this study, whether China is seeking to become an alternative to the EU in the Eastern Europe through 17+1 Platform will be analyzed on the basis of the unintended consequences concept. After providing the concept of unintended consequences briefly, the operation of the 17+1 Platform, the parties’ and EU’s perceptions of the Platform, and the historical dimension of China-EU relations are elaborated. At the end of the study, it is aimed to make an inference about the future of the relationship between China and the EU through the example of 17+1 Platform.