Social participation is one of the citizenship skills. Social studies course is the basic course in which citizenship knowledge, skills, and values are gained. The purpose of this research is to reveal how fifth-grade social studies students acquire social participation skills within the framework of social studies courses and school practices. A case study, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. Thirty-four fifth-grade students and social studies teachers from a secondary school in a city center, at an upper socio-economic level, participated in the study. The research data were obtained from participant observations, semi-structured student and teacher interviews, and social studies textbooks in the 2017-2018 academic year. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the gathered data. At the end of the analyses, it was found out that the teachers and students perceive social participation in terms of communal participation, educational/social activities, academic participation, communication skills, and rights. In the development of students' social participation skills, the scope of social studies, the content of the textbook, teacher attitudes, behaviors, and school practices were found to be supportive factors while teacher attitudes, beliefs and behaviors, student tendencies, beliefs, and behaviors, and parent and school influence were found to be as inhibitory factors.