TY  - JOUR
TI  - Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale
AB  - Hearing is one of the most important senses that connect man to the outside world. “Normal” hearing is necessary to ensure adequate and effective communication and adaptation to the environment. Restoration of communication via hearing needs more refined auditory functions and this is the most difficult aspect of the audiologic intervention and rehabilitation. Routine clinical audiological evaluation for hearing covers pure tone audiometry and speech audiometry including also speech in noise tests, which are the subjective tests, and the objective tests such as (immitancemetric measurements, otoacoustic emissions, and auditory brainstem response tests). By using these assessment methods, audiologists can manage to make diagnosis about the type, degree, and localization of hearing loss and intervention. However, these tests provide limited information about the impact of hearing loss on people and their daily lives (1-4); therefore, intervention strategies recommended to the subjects suffering from hearing impairment may not meet the exact needs of those subjects when only these tests are used. The self-report scales, which are self-evaluated and graded by the patient about their own illnesses, handicaps and/or health problems have an important role in the evaluation of patients in the field of health (5, 6). These scales contain substances that are standardized in different areas and provide reliable and comprehensive information in the clinic. Furthermore, they ensure that the effectiveness of the therapy and/or treatment is concrete and measurable. Such scales that evaluate complaints about hearing are closely associated with the person’s perception of his or her hearing disability and the healing process. Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) was developed by William Noble and Stuart Gatehouse in 2004 to evaluate the sub-components of hearing and quality of hearing in adults and to determine the level of disability perception of the current hearing problem. It is an assessment tool that allows self-evaluation of a wide range of hearing reality in everyday life (7). The SSQ scale includes 3 sub-scales which are speech perception, spatial perception, and qualities of hearing (7). The developers declare that the first subscale, “Speech”, measures the ability to understand, discriminate and follow the speech sounds. As stated by Gatehouse and Noble (7), the second subscale, “Spatial”, presents the data about the ability to determine the direction, distance and mobility of the audible voice, and “Qualities” is the third subscale of SSQ which contains items about the identifiability of simultaneous sounds experienced in daily life and provides quantity for the clarity, naturalness, comprehensibility, and effort of hearing. Gatehouse and Noble (7) pointed out that the elements in Qualities subscale were to some extent driven by capacities in the speech and space domains, as well. In each item, complex listening conditions from daily life are described and the person is asked to evaluate his/her hearing by imagining this situation. The translated versions of SSQ scale have been widely used in the Western languages [in Dutch by (8); in German by (9); in French by (10), in Portuguese by (11)], and in Columbian Spanish by (12), and in the Eastern languages [in Korean by (13); in Malay by (14) and in Persian by (15)]. By using the SSQ scale, the data about the efficacy of amplification by hearing aids, cochlear implants and bone-conducted hearing aids (16), advantages of bilateral hearing aids (17-19), effects of aging on hearing (20-21) have been documented. Turkish version of SSQ scale has not been developed yet; therefore, the aim of this study is to translate and culturally adapt SSQ into Turkish, and to investigate its test/retest reliability, and construct validity and reliability.
AU  - Gunduz, Bulent
AU  - kamişli, gurbet ipek
AU  - Başak, Sema Hatice
AU  - KEMALOGLU, Yusuf
DO  - 10.4274/tao.2021.2021-4-3
PY  - 2021
JO  - Turkish archives of otorhinolaryngology 
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
SN  - 2667-7466
SP  - 172
EP  - 187
DB  - TRDizin
UR  - http://search/yayin/detay/503352
ER  -