THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 41 Sayfa Aralığı: 807 - 852 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 İndeks Tarihi: 20-05-2022
THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW
Öz: The public‒private partnership system has been established in the form of city hospitals for the provision of health services effectively and extensively in line with the needs of modern times. However, there still remains a need for centralised PPP management, familiar with all dimensions of PPP issues that benefit the public while at the same time attracting putative investors for the sustainability of the model. Objective: This study examines the latest legal situation of the Public Private Partnership in the health sector in Turkey in the light of its historical development and proposes necessary recommendations for a sustainable system for all stakeholders. Method: The legislation adopted so far in the health sector in Turkey has been reviewed within the scope of judicial decisions. In terms of the relevant law that came into force, the deficiencies of the system on the legal basis were revealed and comparisons were made with other foreign local legislation and international texts. Findings: It has been determined that public disclosure/transparency is inevitable for the legitimacy of the system, especially in the Public-Private Partnership model in health sector, which needs to be planned considering the public interest. Thus, it is foreseen that the interests of both putative investors and the public can be balanced. As a result, the sustainability of the system can be ensured. Originality: This article does not only examine the development of the national legislation in its historical scene and the latest legal texts in force, but also examines the works of international organizations that deal with the Public Private Partnership model by comparing other national legislation and practices. Thus, the result puts before us a system that has been tested or is applicable at a global level.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
- Akıllı, H. (2013). Kamu Hizmeti İmtiyazından Yap İşlet Devret Yöntemine: Yasal Serüven. (From the Public Service Concession to the Build Operate Transfer Method). Sayıştay Dergisi, Nisan Haziran, 91- 114.
- Akıncı, Z.(2016). Milletlerarası Tahkim,(International Arbitration). 4. Bası, İstanbul.
- APMG. (2016). Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Certification Guide, Chapter 1 PPP Introduction and Overview (the APMG PPP Guide) at https://ppp-certification.com/ppp-certification-guide/about-pppguide last accessed 1 October 2019.
- Atasoy, K. (2020). Sözleşme Özgürlüğünün Kamu Düzenine Aykırılık Sınırı (Public Policy Limitation of the Freedom of Contract), İstanbul.
- Belohlavek, A. J. (2013). Importance of the Seat of Arbitration in International Arbitration: Delocalization and Denationalization of Arbitration as an Outdated Myth, ASA Bulletin, Volume 31, Issue 2, 262-292, last accessed 25 January 2021.
- Boz, S S. (2013). Kamu Özel İşbirliği(PPP) Modeli” (Public Private Cooperation (PPP) Model), İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 4 Sayı:2, 277-332.
- Commission (EC). (2004). Green Paper on Public-Private Partnerships and Community Law on Public Contracts and Concessions (Green Paper), COM, 327 Final, 30th April https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/ EN/TXT/?qid=1586176331838&uri=CELEX:52004AE1440
- Comission (EC). (2003). Concessions (Green Paper), COM; European Commission Guidelines for Successful Public-Private Partnership, https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/guides/ppp_en.pdf.
- Çınar, N. F., Türkoğlu, Ç., Tütünsatar, A. (2017). ‘Kamu Özel Ortaklığı/İşbirliği Modeli ve Sağlık Hizmetlerinin Sunumunda Hizmet memnuniyetinin Ölçülmesi: Entegre Sağlık Kampüsleri (Şehir Hastaneleri) İçin Bir Araştırma’ (Public Private partnership/Cooperation and Measuring of Service Satisfaction in Provision of Health Services: A Research on Integrated Health Campuses (City Hospitals)), Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Sayı 4, 215-232.
- Daintith, T.(1979). ‘Regulation by Contract: The New Prerogative’, Current Legal Problems, Vol. 32/1, 41-64.
- EBRD. (2006). Core Principles for a Modern Concessions Law-Selection and Justification of Principles, http://www.ebrd.com/cs/Satellite?c=Content&cid=1395238764510&pagename=EBRD%2FContent%2 FContentLayout last accessed 10 March 2020.
- EPEC. (2015), the EPEC PPP Guide, http://www.eib.org/epec/g2g/index.htm last accessed 10 March 2020.
- EPEC. (2012). UK (England) - PPP Units and Related Institutional Framework, June, http://www.eib.org/epec/resources/publications/epec_uk_england_public_en.pdf last accessed 4 May 2017.
- European Parliament (EU). (2006, 26 October). Resolution on Public-Private Partnerships and Community Law on Public Procurement and Concessions (2006/2043(INI)), https://eurlex. europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52006IP0462.
- Freire, A. L., Sombra, T. L. S., Neto, D. S. R. (2020). Chapter 4 Brazil, in Public-Private Partnership Law Review, 35-47. Freire A L, Sombra ST L and Neto RD S (eds).
- Griffiths, A., Carney, N., Goss, A. (2020), Chapter 2 Australia, 10-19. in Public-Private Partnership Law Review, Sixth Edition, Freire A L, Sombra ST L and Neto RD S (eds). Güneş, S. (2017) İmtiyaz Sö
- leşmelerinde Tahkim, (Arbitration in Concession Contracts), MHB, Cilt:37, Sayı:2, 408-438.
- Hodge, G. (2006). Public Private Partnerships and Legitimacy, UNSW Law Journal, Vol. 29(3), 318- 327.
- Jooste, S. F., Levitt, R. E., Scott, W. R. (2009). “Capacity, Legitimacy and Interest Toward a Framework for PPP Program Success”, 1-14, at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228885734_, last accessed 25 January 2021.
- 100th Year Turkey Plan. (2019, 18 July). Eleventh Development Plan (2019-2023), at http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-cntent/uploads/2020/03/On_BirinciPLan_ingilizce_SonBaski.pdf last acessed 30 March 2020.
- 11th Development Plan. (2019). PPP special experts’ first report of Turkey covering 2019-2023 (11. Kalkınma Planı (2019-2023) Kamu Özel İşbirliği Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Ön Raporu), http://ww.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/OnbirinciKalkinmaPlani.pdf last accessed 13 March 2020;
- Kamu Özel İşbirliği Raporu 2018. (2019, Mayıs). (Public Private Partnership Report), https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Kamu-Ozel_Isbirligi_Raporu-2018.pdf last accessed 13 March 2020.
- Karahanoğulları, O. (2011). “Kamu Hizmetleri Piyasasında Dördüncü Tip: Eksik İmtiyaz (Kamu-Özel Ortaklığı)” (Limited Concession (Public-Private Partnership): A New Model of Participation of Private Entrepreneurs in the Production of Public Services), Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, Cilt 66, No. 3, 177-215.
- Kikuchi, K., Wasaka, K. (2020). “Chapter 8 Japan”, 91-103 in Public-Private Partnership Law Review, Sixth Edition, Edited by FREIRE Andre Luiz / SOMBRA T L Santos/ NETO D S Raul.
- Mirchandani, D., Jacobo, A. R. (2020). “Chapter 23 United States”, 275-284 in Public-Private Partnership Law Review, Sixth Edition, Freire A L, Sombra ST L and Neto RD S (eds).
- Orak, C. Ç. (2006). Kamu Hizmeti İmtiyaz Sözleşmelerinde Tahkim,(Arbitration in Public Services Concession Contracts) Ankara 2006.
- Parliamentary Budget Office. (2018). An Overview of Public Private Partnerships in Ireland, p. 17 at https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/parliamentaryBudgetOffice/2018/2018-03-16_an-overview-ofpublic- private-partnerships-in-ireland_en.pdf last accessed 5 March 2020.
- Richards, M., Calder, K., Hadrill, A. (2020). “Chapter 22 United Kingdom”, in Public-Private Partnership Law Review, Sixth Edition 2020, 252-273, Freire A L, Sombra ST L and Neto RD S (eds).
- Sands, V. (2006). “The Right to Know and Obligation to Provide: Public Private Partnerships, Public Knowledge, Public Accountability, Public Disenfranchisement and Prison Cases”, UNSW Law Journal, Vol. 29(3), 334-341.
- Son, S. (2012, June). “Legal Analysis on Public-Private Partnerships regarding Model PPP Rules” , https://www.uncitral.org/pdf/english/colloquia/public-private-partnerships- 2013/20120704_Report_on_PPP_legal_IssuesSon_Seungwoover.11.pdf last accessed 14 March 2020.
- Sözer, A. N. (2013). “Sağlıkta Yeniden Yapılanmanın (Özelleştirmenin) Devamı Olarak Şehir Hastaneleri” (City Hospitals as a Continuance of Restructuring (Privatisation) in Health), Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt.15, 215-253.
- Tan, T. (1992). “Kamu Hizmeti İmtiyazından Yap İşlet Devret Modeline” (From the Public Service Concession to the Build Operate Transfer Model), Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, Sayı 3, 307-325. Tan, T. (2014). “Sözleşme Özgürlüğüne Kamunun Müdahalesi”, (Intervention of the Public to the Freedom of Contract), 513-524,
- http://repository.bilkent.edu.tr/bitstream/handle/11693/52032/Sözleşme_özgürlügüne_kamunun_müda halesi.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y , last accessed 26 January 2021.
- Tansuğ, Ç. (2001). İdari Sözleşmelerde Tahkim, (Arbitration in Administrative Contracts) Galatasaray Üniversitesi Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul. UK Government Report. (2018). Private Finance Initiative and Private Finance 2 Projects: 2018 Summary Data, p. 5 at
- https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/8051 17/PFI_and_PF2_FINAL_PDF1.pdf last accessed 25 May 2020.
- UNCITRAL the PFIP Guide at https://uncitral.un.org/sites/uncitral.un.org/files/mediadocuments/ uncitral/en/pfip-e.pdf last accessed 10 December 2019
- UNCITRAL aPFIP Model at https://uncitral.un.org/sites/uncitral.un.org/files/mediadocuments/ uncitral/en/03-90621_ebook.pdf last accessed 10 December 2019
- UNCITRAL Arbitration Model Law. (2006). on International Commercial Arbitration 1985 with Amendments as Adopted in 2006, https://uncitral.un.org/sites/uncitral.un.org/files/mediadocuments/ uncitral/en/19-09955_e_ebook.pdf, last accessed 25 January 2021.
- UNCITRAL Model on Legislative Provisions on Public-Private Partnerships at https://uncitral.un.org/sites/uncitral.un.org/files/media-documents/uncitral/en/19- 11011_ebook_final.pdf
- Vaissier, F-G., Laisney, L-J., Le Bars, O., Houires, D., Ruffie, S. (2020). “Chapter 6 France”, 58-77 in Public-Private Partnership Law Review, Sixth Edition, Freire A L, Sombra ST L and Neto RD S (eds).
- World Bank Institute. (2013, January) Disclosure of Project and Contract Information in Public-Private Partnerships, at http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/886371506355247197/pdf/119987- PUBLIC-JAN-2013-92p-DisclosureofProjectandContractInformationinPPPs.pdf last accessed 26 January 2021.
- Yılmaz, İ. (2006) “Uluslararası Yatırım Tahkimleri” (International Investment Arbitrations), Galatasaray Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, Sayı 1, 69-84.
- Yılmaz, İ. (2004). Uluslararası Yatırım Uyuşmazlıklarının Tahkim Yoluyla Çözümü ve ICSID (Settlement of International Investment Disputes by Arbitration and ICSID) Istanbul.
| APA | YILMAZ I (2021). THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW. , 807 - 852. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| Chicago | YILMAZ ILHAN THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW. (2021): 807 - 852. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| MLA | YILMAZ ILHAN THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW. , 2021, ss.807 - 852. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| AMA | YILMAZ I THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW. . 2021; 807 - 852. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| Vancouver | YILMAZ I THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW. . 2021; 807 - 852. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| IEEE | YILMAZ I "THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW." , ss.807 - 852, 2021. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| ISNAD | YILMAZ, ILHAN. "THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW". (2021), 807-852. https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| APA | YILMAZ I (2021). THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW. Istanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(41), 807 - 852. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| Chicago | YILMAZ ILHAN THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW. Istanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 20, no.41 (2021): 807 - 852. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| MLA | YILMAZ ILHAN THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW. Istanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol.20, no.41, 2021, ss.807 - 852. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| AMA | YILMAZ I THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW. Istanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2021; 20(41): 807 - 852. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| Vancouver | YILMAZ I THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW. Istanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2021; 20(41): 807 - 852. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| IEEE | YILMAZ I "THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW." Istanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20, ss.807 - 852, 2021. 10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
| ISNAD | YILMAZ, ILHAN. "THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TURKISH HEALTH LAW". Istanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 20/41 (2021), 807-852. https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.766600 |
