COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 21 - 44 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 31-05-2022
COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ
Öz: Çalışmada, COVID-19 pandemisinin artan dijitalleşme ve ileri teknolojilerin kullanımının küresel ticarete etkileri incelenmiştir. COVID19’un neticesinde tıbbi ürünlere ve bazı gıda ürünlerine ticaret kısıtlamalarının getirilmesi küresel tedarik zincirlerini anlamlı ölçüde etkilemiştir.
COVID-19 pandemisi ile 2008 küresel finansal krizin dünya ticaret hacmine etkileri kıyaslamalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. COVID-19’un ithalatçı/ihracatçı ülke ve firmaların arz/talep düzeylerine olumsuz etkisi olmuştur. İhracat kısıtlamaları DTÖ tarafından yasaklanmıştır. Fakat,
DTÖ’nün bu kuralının istisnalarına GATT Madde XI, Madde XX ve
Madde XXI(b) uyarınca belirli durumlarda izin verilmektedir. Küresel
ticaret dinamiklerinin güçlendirilmesinde “Endüstri 4.0”, dijital dönüşüm
ve ileri teknolojilerin kullanılması pozitif anlamda katkı sağlayabilmektedir. Dijital sözleşmeler, çevrimiçi görüşmeler, e-ticaret, online alışveriş
platformları, mobil uygulamalar, bilgi teknolojileri ve telekomünikasyon
sistemlerinin kullanımı küresel ticaret dinamiklerinin gelişmesini sağlamıştır. Nesnelerin interneti, yapay zeka, büyük veri, bulut bilişim, “Web
4.0”, artırılmış gerçeklik, holografi, 3 boyutlu yazıcı, otonom robotlar, 3
boyutlu tarayıcı, biyosensör gibi ileri teknolojiler dördüncü sanayi devrimine odaklanmaktadır. Ekonominin dijitalleşmesi ve dijital girişimcilik
(örneğin, FinTech, LegalTech, ComptaTech ve AssurTech) gibi bir dizi
dijital aracın çok sayıda yeni hizmet ve kullanımların geliştirilmesini
sağlamıştır. Dijital teknolojiler arasında 5G gibi yeni nesil telekomünikasyon ağları ve blokzincir teknolojisi COVID-19 pandemisinde geliştirilmiş ve kullanımları yaygınlaştırılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelime: INTERNATIONAL TRADE RESTRICTIONS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD: THE EFFECTS OF DIGITALIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY ON GLOBAL TRADE
Öz: The study examined the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and
the increasing digitalisation and the usage of advanced technologies on
global trade. As a consequence of COVID-19, the imposition of trade
restrictions on medical and food products has significantly affected global supply chains. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2008
global financial crisis on world trade volume were analysed, comparatively. COVID-19 had a negative effect on the supply/demand levels of
importing/exporting countries and corporations. Export restrictions are
prohibited by the WTO. However, exeptions to this rule of the WTO are
permitted in certain circumstances in accordance with Article XI, Article
XX, and Article XXI(b) of the GATT. The usage of “Industry 4.0”, digital
transformation, and advanced technologies can positively contribute to
the strengthening of global trade dynamics. Digital contracts, online
conversations, e-commerce, online shopping platforms, mobile applications, information technologies, and telecommunication systems have led to the development of global trade dynamics. Advanced technologies
such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), big data,
cloud computing, “Web 4.0”, augmented reality (AR), holography, 3D
printer, autonomous robots, 3D scanner, and biosensor focus on the fourth industrial revolution. Digitalisation of the economy and digital entrepreneurship (e.g., FinTech, LegalTech, ComptaTech, and AssurTech)
have led to the development of a large number of new services and applications of digital tools. Amongst the digital technologies, the nextgeneration telecommunications networks (e.g., 5G) and blockchain technology were developed and proliferated during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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| APA | Aliu D, Özkan Ö (2021). COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ. , 21 - 44. |
| Chicago | Aliu Dr. Armando,Özkan Ömer COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ. (2021): 21 - 44. |
| MLA | Aliu Dr. Armando,Özkan Ömer COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ. , 2021, ss.21 - 44. |
| AMA | Aliu D,Özkan Ö COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ. . 2021; 21 - 44. |
| Vancouver | Aliu D,Özkan Ö COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ. . 2021; 21 - 44. |
| IEEE | Aliu D,Özkan Ö "COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ." , ss.21 - 44, 2021. |
| ISNAD | Aliu, Dr. Armando - Özkan, Ömer. "COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ". (2021), 21-44. |
| APA | Aliu D, Özkan Ö (2021). COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ. Regesta, 6(1), 21 - 44. |
| Chicago | Aliu Dr. Armando,Özkan Ömer COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ. Regesta 6, no.1 (2021): 21 - 44. |
| MLA | Aliu Dr. Armando,Özkan Ömer COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ. Regesta, vol.6, no.1, 2021, ss.21 - 44. |
| AMA | Aliu D,Özkan Ö COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ. Regesta. 2021; 6(1): 21 - 44. |
| Vancouver | Aliu D,Özkan Ö COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ. Regesta. 2021; 6(1): 21 - 44. |
| IEEE | Aliu D,Özkan Ö "COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ." Regesta, 6, ss.21 - 44, 2021. |
| ISNAD | Aliu, Dr. Armando - Özkan, Ömer. "COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE ULUSLARARASI TİCARET KISITLAMALARI: DİJİTALLEŞME VE TEKNOLOJİNİN KÜRESEL TİCARETE ETKİLERİ". Regesta 6/1 (2021), 21-44. |
