Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in
the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey

Mutlu, Halim; Gokgoz, Ali; Akman, Mehmet Ali

doi:10.3906/yer-2111-18

Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey

Ali GÖKGÖZ, (Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü, Denizli, Türkiye)

Halim MUTLU, (Ankara Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye)

Mehmet Ali AKMAN (Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü, Denizli, Türkiye)

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

6 0

Yıl: 2022 Cilt: 31 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 260 - 283 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.3906/yer-2111-18 İndeks Tarihi: 21-06-2022

Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey

Öz:

In this study, we investigate chemical and isotopic characteristics of low-temperature geothermal waters issuing from carbonate reservoirs in the Çürüksu Graben within the eastern termination of the Büyük Menderes Graben in western Turkey. Temperatures and pH values of geothermal waters vary from 20.1 to 24.6 ºC and 6.62 to 7.11 and those of cold waters are 17.1 to 19.9 ºC and 6.85 to 7.72, respectively. Geothermal waters are of $Ca-HCO_3$ and $Ca-SO_4$ types whereas cold waters are characterized by these two types and $Mg-HCO_3$as well. $δ^{18}O$ and δD values of samples vary from –9.27‰ to –7.69‰ (VSMOW) and –58.06‰ to –52.2‰ and indicate a meteoric origin with local recharge. Tritium contents are from 0.12 to 2.17 TU for thermal waters and 0.28 to 4.85 TU for the cold waters implying relatively longer residence time for the hot waters. Thermal water samples mostly have positive $^{δ13}C$ values (varying from –0.32‰ to +1.99‰) and carbon in these waters is likely derived from marine limestone or metamorphic $CO_{2}.$ $δ^{34}S$ and $δ^{18}O$ values of dissolved sulfate in the waters indicate that sulfur originates from dissolution of marine evaporite deposits (e.g., gypsum). Çürüksu waters are generally oversaturated with respect to calcite, dolomite and quartz but undersaturated with respect to gypsum. Common ion effect exerted a strong control for the formation of travertine deposits in the area. Chemical and isotopic evaluations indicated that the diversity in the water chemistry of samples is attributed to a combination of processes including water-rock interaction, ion exchange and mixing of various types of waters. Çürüksu thermal waters are immature and not in chemical equilibrium with the reservoir rock. Among the various geothermometers applied to Çürüksu thermal waters, temperatures computed by chalcedony, quartz and CaMg geothermometers are 21–52 ºC, 49–83 ºC and 73–96 ºC, respectively. $HCO_3-SO_4-F$ and anhydrite-chalcedony (quartz) diagrams estimated a temperature range of 63–86 ºC and $δ^{18}O$$(SO_4 -H_2O)$ isotope geothermometer yielded 67–78 ºC.

Anahtar Kelime:

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APA	Gokgoz A, Mutlu H, Akman M (2022). Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey. , 260 - 283. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
Chicago	Gokgoz Ali,Mutlu Halim,Akman Mehmet Ali Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey. (2022): 260 - 283. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
MLA	Gokgoz Ali,Mutlu Halim,Akman Mehmet Ali Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey. , 2022, ss.260 - 283. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
AMA	Gokgoz A,Mutlu H,Akman M Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey. . 2022; 260 - 283. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
Vancouver	Gokgoz A,Mutlu H,Akman M Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey. . 2022; 260 - 283. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
IEEE	Gokgoz A,Mutlu H,Akman M "Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey." , ss.260 - 283, 2022. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
ISNAD	Gokgoz, Ali vd. "Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey". (2022), 260-283. https://doi.org/10.3906/yer-2111-18

APA	Gokgoz A, Mutlu H, Akman M (2022). Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 31(3), 260 - 283. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
Chicago	Gokgoz Ali,Mutlu Halim,Akman Mehmet Ali Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 31, no.3 (2022): 260 - 283. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
MLA	Gokgoz Ali,Mutlu Halim,Akman Mehmet Ali Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, vol.31, no.3, 2022, ss.260 - 283. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
AMA	Gokgoz A,Mutlu H,Akman M Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences. 2022; 31(3): 260 - 283. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
Vancouver	Gokgoz A,Mutlu H,Akman M Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences. 2022; 31(3): 260 - 283. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
IEEE	Gokgoz A,Mutlu H,Akman M "Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey." Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 31, ss.260 - 283, 2022. 10.3906/yer-2111-18
ISNAD	Gokgoz, Ali vd. "Hydrochemical characteristics and geothermometry applications of thermal waters in the Çürüksu Graben, western Turkey". Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 31/3 (2022), 260-283. https://doi.org/10.3906/yer-2111-18