Aim: Tendency, knowledge, awareness, and behavior patterns of urology residents in Turkey regarding the use of fluoroscopy may vary depending on the institutions. The study analyses and compares the awareness and tendencies of urology residents in university hospitals and training and research hospitals. Methods: In this qualitative research, a 13-question survey prepared using “Google Forms” as of 01.03.2021 was shared for four weeks in the “WhatsApp” application group, which includes 279 urology residents studying at university hospitals and training and research hospitals in Turkey. One hundred and thirteen participants, who completed the questionnaire were included in the study. The data was analyzed by comparing two groups: university hospitals (group 1) and training and research hospitals (group 2). Results: Of the 113 urology residents included in the study, 56 (49.6%) were in group 1 and 57 (50.4%) were in group 2. Sixty-seven point three percent (67.3%) of the residents stated that they never hesitated to participate in the operations in which fluoroscopy was used. Additionally, the residents stated that 43.4% of the auxiliary healthcare staff frequently refrain from being involved in these cases (p<0.001). While 21 (37.5%) of the residents in group 1 reported that they hesitated in these cases, this rate was found to be 16 (28.2%) in group 2 and a significant difference was observed between the two groups (p<0.016). Conclusion: Although the residents who work in training in university hospitals are more scared of radiation exposure from fluoroscopy than their colleagues working in training and research hospitals, the lack of education is present and the use of dosimeters is very low in both groups.