Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats
Yıl: 2022 Cilt: 33 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 216 - 224 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 İndeks Tarihi: 21-06-2022
Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats
Öz: Objectives: The aim of this experimental rat study was to
investigate the effectiveness of vitamin B12 (Vit-B12) against the
teratogenic effects of nicotine use during pregnancy in the fetus.
Materials and methods: Eighteen Wistar-Albino pregnant rats
were divided into six groups (n=3, each) as Group 1 (control),
Group 2 (Vit-B12), Group 3 (nicotine 3 mg/kg/day), Group 4
(nicotine 3 mg/kg/day + Vit-B12), Group 5 (nicotine 6 mg/kg/day)
and Group 6 (nicotine 6 mg/kg/day + Vit-B12). Nicotine was
administered subcutaneously and Vit-B12 w as a dministered
intraperitoneally for 20 days. The skeletal systems of the embryos
were stained using the double-staining method. The total bone
length (TBL), the length of the ossified part, and the ossification
rate were calculated using the ImageJ program. In addition,
the weight and crown-rump length (CRL) of the embryos were
measured and recorded.
Results: C linical s hock e ffect w as o bserved i n a ll r ats
administered nicotine. A significant decrease in weight, CRL,
and TBL was measured in Group 3 (p=0.0081) and, particularly
in Group 5 (p=0.026), which were given only nicotine, compared
to other groups. In the morphometric measurements of Group
4 and Group 6 to which Vit-B12 was added, values close to the
control group were measured (p=0.173). The data of Group 6
were statistically significantly larger than Group 5 (p=0.007),
while it was statistically smaller than Group 1 (p=0.0038).
Conclusion: Nicotine use negatively affects the morphological
development of the embryo. On the other hand, Vit-B12 provides
benefits in reducing these negative effects.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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| APA | PAYAS A, EKİNCİ Y, Gürbüz K, batın s, Ertekin T, DOĞAN K, GÜLER H, AL Ö, Yılmaz H, NİSARİ M (2022). Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats. , 216 - 224. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| Chicago | PAYAS Ahmet,EKİNCİ Yakup,Gürbüz Kaan,batın sabri,Ertekin Tolga,DOĞAN Kadirhan,GÜLER Hatice,AL Özge,Yılmaz Halil,NİSARİ Mehtap Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats. (2022): 216 - 224. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| MLA | PAYAS Ahmet,EKİNCİ Yakup,Gürbüz Kaan,batın sabri,Ertekin Tolga,DOĞAN Kadirhan,GÜLER Hatice,AL Özge,Yılmaz Halil,NİSARİ Mehtap Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats. , 2022, ss.216 - 224. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| AMA | PAYAS A,EKİNCİ Y,Gürbüz K,batın s,Ertekin T,DOĞAN K,GÜLER H,AL Ö,Yılmaz H,NİSARİ M Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats. . 2022; 216 - 224. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| Vancouver | PAYAS A,EKİNCİ Y,Gürbüz K,batın s,Ertekin T,DOĞAN K,GÜLER H,AL Ö,Yılmaz H,NİSARİ M Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats. . 2022; 216 - 224. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| IEEE | PAYAS A,EKİNCİ Y,Gürbüz K,batın s,Ertekin T,DOĞAN K,GÜLER H,AL Ö,Yılmaz H,NİSARİ M "Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats." , ss.216 - 224, 2022. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| ISNAD | PAYAS, Ahmet vd. "Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats". (2022), 216-224. https://doi.org/10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| APA | PAYAS A, EKİNCİ Y, Gürbüz K, batın s, Ertekin T, DOĞAN K, GÜLER H, AL Ö, Yılmaz H, NİSARİ M (2022). Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats. Joint diseases and related surgery, 33(1), 216 - 224. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| Chicago | PAYAS Ahmet,EKİNCİ Yakup,Gürbüz Kaan,batın sabri,Ertekin Tolga,DOĞAN Kadirhan,GÜLER Hatice,AL Özge,Yılmaz Halil,NİSARİ Mehtap Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats. Joint diseases and related surgery 33, no.1 (2022): 216 - 224. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| MLA | PAYAS Ahmet,EKİNCİ Yakup,Gürbüz Kaan,batın sabri,Ertekin Tolga,DOĞAN Kadirhan,GÜLER Hatice,AL Özge,Yılmaz Halil,NİSARİ Mehtap Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats. Joint diseases and related surgery, vol.33, no.1, 2022, ss.216 - 224. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| AMA | PAYAS A,EKİNCİ Y,Gürbüz K,batın s,Ertekin T,DOĞAN K,GÜLER H,AL Ö,Yılmaz H,NİSARİ M Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats. Joint diseases and related surgery. 2022; 33(1): 216 - 224. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| Vancouver | PAYAS A,EKİNCİ Y,Gürbüz K,batın s,Ertekin T,DOĞAN K,GÜLER H,AL Ö,Yılmaz H,NİSARİ M Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats. Joint diseases and related surgery. 2022; 33(1): 216 - 224. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| IEEE | PAYAS A,EKİNCİ Y,Gürbüz K,batın s,Ertekin T,DOĞAN K,GÜLER H,AL Ö,Yılmaz H,NİSARİ M "Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats." Joint diseases and related surgery, 33, ss.216 - 224, 2022. 10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
| ISNAD | PAYAS, Ahmet vd. "Vitamin B12 reduces the negative effects of nicotine on fetal bone development in the rats". Joint diseases and related surgery 33/1 (2022), 216-224. https://doi.org/10.52312/jdrs.2022.552 |
