Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 29 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 1615 - 1627 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.3906/elk-2009-1 İndeks Tarihi: 22-06-2022
Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network
Öz: Pneumonia is one of the major diseases that cause a lot of deaths all over the world. Determining pneumonia
from chest X-ray (CXR) images is an extremely difficult and important image processing problem. The discrimination
of whether pneumonia is of bacterium or virus origin has also become more important during the pandemic. Automatic
determination of the presence and origin of pneumonia is crucial for speeding up the treatment process and increasing
the patient’s survival rate. In this study, a convolutional neural network (CNN) framework is proposed for detection of
pneumonia from CXR images. Two different binary CNNs and a triple CNN are used for determining: (i) normal or
pneumonia, (ii) pneumonia of bacterium or virus origin, and (iii) normal or bacterial pneumonia or viral pneumonia. In
this approach, CNNs are trained with Walsh functions to extract the features from CXR images, and minimum distance
classifier instead of a fully connected neural network is employed for classification purpose. Training with Walsh functions
maintains the within-class scattering to be low, and between-class scattering to be high. Preferring the minimum distance
classifier reduces the number of nodes used and also allows the network to be controlled with fewer hyperparameters.
These approaches bring some advantages to the system designed for the classification process: (i) easy determination of
hyperparameters, (ii) achieving higher classification performance, and (iii) use of fewer neurons. The proposed smallsize CNN model was applied to CXR images from 1- to 5-year-old children provided by the Guangzhou Women’s and
Children’s Medical Center (GWCMC). Three experiments have been conducted to improve the classification performance:
(i) the effect of different sizes of input images on the performance of the network was investigated, (ii) training set was
augmented by randomly flipping left to right or down to up, by adding Gaussian noise to the images, by creating negative
images randomly, and by changing image brightness randomly (iii) instead of RGB CXR images, gray component of
the original image and four 2D wavelet images were given as input to the network. In these experiments, no major
changes were observed in the classification results obtained by using the proposed CNNs. The proposed method has
achieved 100% accuracy for normal or pneumonia, 92% for pneumonia of bacterium or virus origin, and 90% for normal
or bacterial pneumonia or viral pneumonia. It is observed that higher classification performances were obtained with
approximately five times less parameters compared to the networks that gave the best results in the literature. Thus,
the applied CNN model is promising in medicine and can help experts make quick and accurate decisions.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA | Polat Ö, Dokur Z, OLMEZ T (2021). Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network. , 1615 - 1627. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
Chicago | Polat Özlem,Dokur Zümray,OLMEZ TAMER Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network. (2021): 1615 - 1627. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
MLA | Polat Özlem,Dokur Zümray,OLMEZ TAMER Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network. , 2021, ss.1615 - 1627. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
AMA | Polat Ö,Dokur Z,OLMEZ T Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network. . 2021; 1615 - 1627. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
Vancouver | Polat Ö,Dokur Z,OLMEZ T Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network. . 2021; 1615 - 1627. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
IEEE | Polat Ö,Dokur Z,OLMEZ T "Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network." , ss.1615 - 1627, 2021. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
ISNAD | Polat, Özlem vd. "Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network". (2021), 1615-1627. https://doi.org/10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
APA | Polat Ö, Dokur Z, OLMEZ T (2021). Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, 29(3), 1615 - 1627. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
Chicago | Polat Özlem,Dokur Zümray,OLMEZ TAMER Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences 29, no.3 (2021): 1615 - 1627. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
MLA | Polat Özlem,Dokur Zümray,OLMEZ TAMER Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, vol.29, no.3, 2021, ss.1615 - 1627. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
AMA | Polat Ö,Dokur Z,OLMEZ T Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences. 2021; 29(3): 1615 - 1627. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
Vancouver | Polat Ö,Dokur Z,OLMEZ T Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences. 2021; 29(3): 1615 - 1627. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
IEEE | Polat Ö,Dokur Z,OLMEZ T "Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network." Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, 29, ss.1615 - 1627, 2021. 10.3906/elk-2009-1 |
ISNAD | Polat, Özlem vd. "Determination of Pneumonia in X-ray Chest Images by Using Convolutional Neural Network". Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences 29/3 (2021), 1615-1627. https://doi.org/10.3906/elk-2009-1 |