Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents
Yıl: 2022 Cilt: 57 Sayı: 4 Sayfa Aralığı: 441 - 447 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 İndeks Tarihi: 18-07-2022
Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents
Öz: Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents
about breastfeeding, complementary food, and infant nutrition who have healthy infants born
at term and under 2 years of age.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among the parents of infants
who came for well-child visits to pediatric clinics of 4 hospitals. Healthy infants under 2 years of
age and who had been born at term were interviewed. The questionnaire included 35 questions
to evaluate parents’ knowledge, attitude, and practices about breastfeeding and infant nutrition
in addition to sociodemographic data. Data were obtained via questionnaire and were
analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20.0 package program.
Results: The study group consisted of 679 infants and their parents. The median durations of
exclusive breastfeeding and total breastfeeding time were found to be 4 months and 10 months.
Although 75% of the participants stated that infants must be exclusively breastfed for 6 months,
the rate of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months was 44%. The 393 (58%) participants
used formula for infant nutrition and 47 (12%) of those started with complementary feeding. 90%
of the participants stated that formula advertisements did not affect their decision on starting
formula but the rate of thinking that other people may be affected by the advertisements was
80%.
Conclusion: The knowledge of parents on human milk is not insufficient but they need to be
supported especially to continue exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months and appropriate
complementary food during the weaning period.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
- 1. Rollins NC, Bhandari N, Hajeebhoy N, et al. Why invest, and what it will take to improve breastfeeding practices? Lancet. 2016;387(10017):491-504. [CrossRef]
- 2. Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJ, et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. Lancet. 2016;387(10017):475-490. [CrossRef]
- 3. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, T.R. Presidency of Turkey Directorate of Strategy and Budget and TUBITAK. Ankara; 2019. Available at: http: // www .hips .hace ttepe .edu. tr/en g/tdh s2018 /anal ysis. shtml . 4. DiGirolamo A, Thompson N, Martorell R, Fein S, Grummer- Strawn L. Intention or experience? Predictors of continued breastfeeding. Health Educ Behav. 2005;32(2):208-226. [CrossRef]
- 5. Lau CYK, Lok KYW, Tarrant M. Breastfeeding duration and the theory of planned behavior and breastfeeding self-efficacy framework: A systematic review of observational studies. Matern Child Health J. 2018;22(3):327-342. [CrossRef]
- 6. World Health Organization. Breastfeeding. 2018. Available at: https ://ww w.who .int/ featu res/f actfi les/b reast feedi ng/en / 7. Gatti L. Maternal perceptions of insufficient milk supply in breastfeeding. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2008;40(4):355-363. [CrossRef]
- 8. Balogun OO, Dagvadorj A, Anigo KM, Ota E, Sasaki S. Factors influencing breastfeeding exclusivity during the first 6 months of life in developing countries: a quantitative and qualitative systematic review. Matern Child Nutr. 2015;11(4):433-451. [CrossRef]
- 9. Galipeau R, Dumas L, Lepage M. Perception of not having enough milk and actual milk production of first-time breastfeeding mothers: is there a difference? Breastfeed Med. 2017;12:210-217. [CrossRef]
- 10. Kent JC, Hepworth AR, Sherriff JL, Cox DB, Mitoulas LR, Hartmann PE. Longitudinal changes in breastfeeding patterns from 1 to 6 months of lactation. Breastfeed Med. 2013;8(4):401-407. [CrossRef]
- 11. Noble S, ALSPAC Study Team. Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood. Maternal employment and the initiation of breastfeeding. Acta Paediatr. 2001;90(4):423-428. [CrossRef]
- 12. Tarrant RC, Younger KM, Sheridan-Pereira M, Kearney JM. Factors associated with duration of breastfeeding in Ireland: potential areas for improvement. J Hum Lact. 2011;27(3):262-271. [CrossRef]
- 13. Health and Social Care Information Centre. Infant Feeding Survey- UK, 2010. 2012. Available at: https ://sp .ukda taser vice. ac.uk /doc/ 7281/ mrdoc /pdf/ 7281_ ifs-u k-201 0_rep ort.p df.
- 14. McFadden A, Gavine A, Renfrew MJ, et al. Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;2(2):CD001141. [CrossRef]
- 15. Demir G, Yardimcı H, Özçelik AÖ, Çakıroğlu FP. Compliance of mothers' breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices with WHO recommendations in Turkey. Nutr Res Pract. 2020;14(6):654-666. [CrossRef]
- 16. Yılmaz M, Aykut M. The effect of breastfeeding training on exclusive breastfeeding: a randomized controlled trial. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021;34(6):925-932. [CrossRef]
- 17. Zielińska MA, Sobczak A, Hamułka J. Breastfeeding knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding of infants in first six months of life. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2017;68(1):51-59.
- 18. Liem DG, Mennella JA. Sweet and sour preferences during childhood: role of early experiences. Dev Psychobiol. 2002;41(4):388- 395. [CrossRef]
- 19. Beauchamp GK, Mennella JA. Early flavor learning and its impact on later feeding behavior. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2009;48(suppl 1):S25-S30. [CrossRef]
- 20. Switkowski KM, Gingras V, Rifas-Shiman SL, Oken E. Patterns of complementary feeding behaviors predict diet quality in early childhood. Nutrients. 2020;12(3):810. [CrossRef]
- 21. united nations children’s fund. Improving breastfeeding, complementary foods and feeding practices. 2018. Available at: https :// ww w.uni cef.o rg/nu triti on/in dex_b reast feedi ng.ht ml.
- 22. EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA), Castenmiller J, de Henauw S, et al.Appropriate age range for introduction of complementary feeding into an infant’s diet. EFSA J. 2019;17(9):e05780. [CrossRef]
- 23. Campoy C, Campos D, Cerdó T, Diéguez E, García-Santos JA. Complementary feeding in developed countries: the 3 Ws (when, what, and why?). Ann Nutr Metab. 2018;73(suppl 1):27-36. [CrossRef]
- 24. Hernández-Cordero S, Lozada-Tequeanes AL, Shamah-Levy T, et al. Violations of the international code of marketing of breast-milk substitutes in Mexico. Matern Child Nutr. 2019;15(1):e12682. [CrossRef]
- 25. Berry NJ, Jones S, Iverson D. It's all formula to me: women's understandings of toddler milk ads. Breastfeed Rev. 2010;18(1):21-30.
- 26. Hadihardjono DN, Green M, Stormer A, Agustino ID, Champeny M. Promotions of breastmilk substitutes, commercial complementary foods and commercial snack products commonly fed to young children are frequently found in points-of-sale in Bandung City, Indonesia. Matern Child Nutr. 2019;15(suppl 4):e12808. [CrossRef]
- 27. Piwoz EG, Huffman SL. The impact of marketing of breast-milk substitutes on WHO-recommended breastfeeding practices. Food Nutr Bull. 2015;36(4):373-386. [CrossRef] 447
APA | Gulumser Sisko S, Bağ Ö, KONDOLOT M, NALBANTOGLU B, Gökçay G (2022). Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents. , 441 - 447. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
Chicago | Gulumser Sisko Sezen,Bağ Özlem,KONDOLOT Meda,NALBANTOGLU BURÇIN,Gökçay Gülbin Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents. (2022): 441 - 447. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
MLA | Gulumser Sisko Sezen,Bağ Özlem,KONDOLOT Meda,NALBANTOGLU BURÇIN,Gökçay Gülbin Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents. , 2022, ss.441 - 447. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
AMA | Gulumser Sisko S,Bağ Ö,KONDOLOT M,NALBANTOGLU B,Gökçay G Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents. . 2022; 441 - 447. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
Vancouver | Gulumser Sisko S,Bağ Ö,KONDOLOT M,NALBANTOGLU B,Gökçay G Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents. . 2022; 441 - 447. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
IEEE | Gulumser Sisko S,Bağ Ö,KONDOLOT M,NALBANTOGLU B,Gökçay G "Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents." , ss.441 - 447, 2022. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
ISNAD | Gulumser Sisko, Sezen vd. "Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents". (2022), 441-447. https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
APA | Gulumser Sisko S, Bağ Ö, KONDOLOT M, NALBANTOGLU B, Gökçay G (2022). Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents. Turkish archives of pediatrics (Online), 57(4), 441 - 447. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
Chicago | Gulumser Sisko Sezen,Bağ Özlem,KONDOLOT Meda,NALBANTOGLU BURÇIN,Gökçay Gülbin Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents. Turkish archives of pediatrics (Online) 57, no.4 (2022): 441 - 447. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
MLA | Gulumser Sisko Sezen,Bağ Özlem,KONDOLOT Meda,NALBANTOGLU BURÇIN,Gökçay Gülbin Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents. Turkish archives of pediatrics (Online), vol.57, no.4, 2022, ss.441 - 447. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
AMA | Gulumser Sisko S,Bağ Ö,KONDOLOT M,NALBANTOGLU B,Gökçay G Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents. Turkish archives of pediatrics (Online). 2022; 57(4): 441 - 447. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
Vancouver | Gulumser Sisko S,Bağ Ö,KONDOLOT M,NALBANTOGLU B,Gökçay G Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents. Turkish archives of pediatrics (Online). 2022; 57(4): 441 - 447. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
IEEE | Gulumser Sisko S,Bağ Ö,KONDOLOT M,NALBANTOGLU B,Gökçay G "Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents." Turkish archives of pediatrics (Online), 57, ss.441 - 447, 2022. 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |
ISNAD | Gulumser Sisko, Sezen vd. "Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents". Turkish archives of pediatrics (Online) 57/4 (2022), 441-447. https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2022.21201 |