Objective: The purpose of this study is to present relationships between physician’ malpractice experiences and malpractice fear. Additionally, the other purpose of this study is to evaluate whether physicians’ malpractice fear are affected by malpractice experience and socio demographic characteristics. Material and Methods: The universe of this study consists of 567 physicians working in Gülhane Training and Research Hospital as of July 21, 2017 when the research was applied. Due to the difficulty of reaching the entire universe, it was determined to reach at least 229 physicians as a result of the sample calculation made at a 95% confidence level. A total of 248 physicians (Sample Proportion: 44%) were surveyed by using a convenience sampling method. Descriptive statistics were indicated with frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. To evaluate relationships between the socio-demographic characteristics and malpractice experiences of physicians and, their malpractice fears, a structural model has been conducted in the AMOS 24 statistical software. Results: According to the analysis of the data, statistically significant relationships were found between the physician’s self-experience of malpractice and their fear of malpractice (β=0.196; p=0.003) and colleague-experience of malpractice and their fear of malpractice (β=0.153; p= 0.009). Within the scope of the study, it was found that physicians' level of malpractice fear did not differ significantly in terms of gender, age, and status. Conclusion: Consequently, these findings indicate that experiences of physicians with malpractice, obtained while performing medical practice lead to fear of malpractice, which has important impacts on health systems in many ways. Particularly, the effect of physicians’ own experience of malpractice on fear of malpractice was higher than that of their colleagues' experience of malpractice.