5 2

Proje Grubu: ÇAYDAG Sayfa Sayısı: 163 Proje No: 113Y500 Proje Bitiş Tarihi: 15.11.2016 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 23-03-2020

Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi

Öz:
Dilovası Türkiye?nin en büyük endüstriyel bölgelerinden biridir. Ilçede endüstriyel bölgeler ve yerlesim yerleri iç içe bulunmakta, aynı zamanda ilçe yogun bir trafigin etkisi altındadır. Bunun sonucu olarak bölgede kanser yüksek yogunlukla ölüm nedenlerinin basında gelmektedir. Bu çalısma ile havadaki organik ve inorganik kirleticilerin seviyeleri, kaynakları ve muhtemel saglık etkileri incelenmistir. Arazi çalısması Subat 2015 tarihinde baslamıs ve Subat 2016?de sonlandırılmıs ve PAHlar ve PCBler zamansal ve mekânsal olarak incelenmistir. Ayrıca Dilovası Belediyesi?nin bahçesinde kurulan sabit bir istasyonda sıralı PM2,5 örnekleyici kullanılarak EC/OC, 14C, metaller, çesitli anyon ve katyon derisimleri ve aynı istasyonda O3 ve NOx miktarlarının zamansal degisimleri incelenmistir. Arazi çalısması 23 noktada PUF disk pasif örnekleyiciler kullanılarak yapılmıstır. Toplam PAH konsantrasyonu 4,2 ile 3842 ng m-3 aralıgında degismektedir (ORT±SS; 285 ± 431 ng m-3). Fenantren en fazla elde edilen PAH türü olurken, bunu floranten ve piren izlemektedir. Toplam PCB konsantrasyonu 177 ile 41781 pg m-3 aralıgında degismektedir (ORT±SS; 4152 ± 6072 pg m-3). PCB-28, -18, -31 ve -33 en fazla elde edilen PCBlerdir. PMF sonuçlarına gör PAHlar için 5, PCBler içinse 4 farklı kaynak belirlenmistir. Bunlar PAHlar için dizel ve benzinli araç emisyonları, biyokütle ve kömür yanması, demir-çelik endüstrisi gibi endüstriyel faaliyetlerden kaynaklı emisyonlar ve yanmamıs petrol/petrol ürünleri emisyonları olarak belirlenmistir. PCBler içinse kaynaklar demir-çelik üretimi, kömür ve biyokütle yanması, teknik PCB karısımları ve endüstri olarak belirlenmistir. Sabit istasyondan elde edilen PM2,5 kütlesini etkileyen faktörler yine PMF kullanılarak incelenmistir. Buna göre 6 faktör bulunmus, bunlar yol tozu (%23), tasıt emisyonları (%20), petrol yanması (%19), kömür yanması (%14), toz (%14), ikincil inorganik aerosol (%10) olarak belirlenmistir. Aynı sonuçlar kullanılarak bölgeyi etkileyen uzun mesafeli kaynaklar potansiyel kaynak katkı fonksiyonu (PKKF) kullanılarak incelenmis ve Cezayir, Batı Sahra, Rusya, Iran ve Lübnan örnekleme bölgesini etkileyen ülkeler olarak bulunmustur. Aynı noktalarda kuru çökelme örneklemesi de yapılmıs ve PAHlar için hesaplanan kuru çökelme akısı degerlerinin 829 ile 7424 ng m?2 gün?1 aralıgında (2950 ± 1349 ng m?2 gün?1) degistigi gözlenmistir. PCBler içinse bu degerler 47,9 ile 535 ng m?2 gün?1 aralıgında degismektedir (191 ± 102 ng m?2 gün?1). Sabit istasyonda ortalama EC, OC ve TC konsantrasyonları sırasıyla 15,8±17,7, 2,8±2,3 ve 19,2±18,9 μg m-3 olarak bulunmustur. EC/OC konsantrasyonları özellikle kasım ayının ortasından baslayarak önemli derecede artıs göstermektedir. Bu sonuç sıcaklıgın düsmesine baglı olarak evsel ısınma faaliyetlerinin ve buna baglı olarak da karbon emisyonlarının artmasıyla, ayrıca karısım yüksekliginin düsmesi ve emisyonların atmosferde dagılamaması ile açıklanabilir. PAHlar, PCBler ve metaller için saglık riski degerlendirmesi yapılmıstır. En yüksek maruziyet-risk seviyeleri konsantrasyon degerleriyle paralel olarak PAHlar ve PCBler için sırasıyla kıs ve yaz döneminde tespit edilmistir. Tahmini kitlesel maruziyet-risk seviyelerinin hepsi ve ortalama maruziyet-risk seviyelerinin çogu kabul edilebilir kanserojen risk degerinin (10-6) üzerinde bulunmustur. Hedeflenen kanserojen metallere bakıldıgında ise Ni ve Pb için risk söz konusu degildir. As için hesaplanan tahmini risk degerleri, bütün mevsimlerde kabul edilebilir risk degerinin üzerinde bulunurken, Cd ve Co için hesaplanan tahmini risk degerlerinin bazıları kabul edilebilir degerin üzerinde bulunmustur. Bulunan risk degerleri kabul edilebilir degerin oldukça üstündedir. Bu sonuçlar ile Dilovası havasının mevcut kirleticiler açısından insan saglıgı için yüksek risk içerdigini söylemek mümkündür.
Anahtar Kelime: PMF NOx Ozon Iyonlar metaller EC/OC Pasif Örnekleme PCBler PAHlar Dilovası

Konular: Çevre Mühendisliği
Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA cetin b, ODABAŞI M, Sofuoglu S, öztürk f, Yurdakul S (2016). Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi. , 1 - 163.
Chicago cetin banu,ODABAŞI Mustafa,Sofuoglu Sait C.,öztürk fatma,Yurdakul Sema Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi. (2016): 1 - 163.
MLA cetin banu,ODABAŞI Mustafa,Sofuoglu Sait C.,öztürk fatma,Yurdakul Sema Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi. , 2016, ss.1 - 163.
AMA cetin b,ODABAŞI M,Sofuoglu S,öztürk f,Yurdakul S Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi. . 2016; 1 - 163.
Vancouver cetin b,ODABAŞI M,Sofuoglu S,öztürk f,Yurdakul S Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi. . 2016; 1 - 163.
IEEE cetin b,ODABAŞI M,Sofuoglu S,öztürk f,Yurdakul S "Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi." , ss.1 - 163, 2016.
ISNAD cetin, banu vd. "Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi". (2016), 1-163.
APA cetin b, ODABAŞI M, Sofuoglu S, öztürk f, Yurdakul S (2016). Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi. , 1 - 163.
Chicago cetin banu,ODABAŞI Mustafa,Sofuoglu Sait C.,öztürk fatma,Yurdakul Sema Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi. (2016): 1 - 163.
MLA cetin banu,ODABAŞI Mustafa,Sofuoglu Sait C.,öztürk fatma,Yurdakul Sema Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi. , 2016, ss.1 - 163.
AMA cetin b,ODABAŞI M,Sofuoglu S,öztürk f,Yurdakul S Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi. . 2016; 1 - 163.
Vancouver cetin b,ODABAŞI M,Sofuoglu S,öztürk f,Yurdakul S Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi. . 2016; 1 - 163.
IEEE cetin b,ODABAŞI M,Sofuoglu S,öztürk f,Yurdakul S "Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi." , ss.1 - 163, 2016.
ISNAD cetin, banu vd. "Dilovası Endüstri Bölgesi ve Çevresinde Hava Kirliliğine Neden olan Organik ve İnorganik Kirleticilerin Düzeylerinin ve Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi". (2016), 1-163.