Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass

ŞAHİN, E. Hesna; ŞENGÖR, Erol; BOZKURT, Zehra A.; SIRIKEN, BELGİN; YARDIMCI, Mehmet; Tekerli, Mustafa; KENAR, Beytullah

Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass

Erol ŞENGÖR, (Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Afyon, Türkiye)

Mehmet YARDIMCI, (Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Afyon, Türkiye)

Belgin SIRIKEN, (Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Afyon, Türkiye)

Zehra A. BOZKURT, (Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Afyon, Türkiye)

Mustafa TEKERLİ, (Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Afyon, Türkiye)

Beytullah KENAR, (Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Samsun, Türkiye)

E. Hesna ŞAHİN (Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Afyon, Türkiye)

Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

1 0

Yıl: 2006 Cilt: 30 Sayı: 6 Sayfa Aralığı: 561 - 569 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass

Öz:

Bu çalışma broilerlerde kârlı ve hijyenik et üretimi için kesim öncesi yem çekiminin optimum süresinin tespiti ve bunun et randımanı, bağırsak içeriğinin mikrobiyolojik yapısı ve karkasın mikrobiyolojik kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerinin tespiti amacıyla yapılmıştır. Toplam 100 piliç ticari bir broiler kümesi içinde her birine 25 adet olacak şekilde 2 mz'lik 4 özdeş bölmeye yerleştirilmiştir. Yem çekme süreleri 18 saat (grup-1), 12 saat (gr-2), 6 saat (gr-3) ve 0 saat (gr-4) olarak uygulanmıştır. Canlı ağırlık kayıp yüzdesi, yem çekme süresi arttıkça artmıştır (P < 0,05). Grup 4 içindeki et randımanı diğer gruplardan daha düşük bulunmuştur (P < 0,05). Grup 1 içindeki dolu taşlık ağırlığı grup 3 ve grup 4'ten daha düşük ve grup 2 parametreleri de grup 4'ten düşük bulunmuştur (P < 0,05). Salmonella pozitif karkas sayısı grup 1 içinde 1, grup 2 içinde 1, grup 3 içinde 0 ve grup 4 içinde 2 tane olarak bulunmuştur. Gruplar arasında bulunan tek önemli farklılık koliform bakteri içindir. Koliform bakteri sayısı açısından grup 1 (7,54 ± 0,100), grup 2 (7,00 ± 0,159) ve grup 3'ten (7,08 ± 0,169) önemli ölçüde farklı bulunmuştur (P < 0,05).

Anahtar Kelime: hayvan kesimi sınırlı yemleme kümes hayvanları mikrobiyal bulaşıklık et kalitesi et verimi mikrobiyolojik kalite etlik piliç karkas kalitesi

Konular: Ziraat Mühendisliği

Broilerlerde kesim öncesi yem çekiminin optimum zamanının et randımanı, bağırsak içeriğinin mikrobiyolojik bileşimi ve karkasın mikrobiyolojik kalitesi üzerine etkisinin tespiti

Öz:

This study aimed to determine the optimum time of pre-slaughter feed withdrawal for broiler chickens to maintain profitable and hygienic meat production and to determine its effect on the meat yield, microbiological structure of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. A total of 100 birds were allocated to 4 identical 2 mz pens in a commercial broiler house, each pen housing 25 birds. The feed withdrawal durations were 18 h (group 1), 12 h (group 2), 6 h (group 3) and 0 h (group 4). The percentage live weight loss increased as the feed withdrawal period increased (P < 0.05). The meat yield in group 4 was lower than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). Full gizzard weight in group 1 was lower than that in groups 3 and 4, and group 2 parameters were lower than group 4 parameters (P < 0.05). Salmonella positive carcasses numbered 1 in group 1, 1 in group 2, 0 in group 3 and 2 in group 4. The only significant difference found among the groups was for coliform bacteria. The coliform count in group 1 (7.54 ± 0.100) was significantly different from that in group 2 (7.00 ± 0.159) and group 3 (7.08 ± 0.169) (P < 0.05).

Anahtar Kelime: meat quality meat yield microbiological quality broilers carcass quality slaughter restricted feeding poultry microbial contamination

Konular: Ziraat Mühendisliği

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1)Hinton, AJr., Buhr, R.J., Ingram, K.D.: Physical, chemical, and microbiological changes in the ceca of broiler chickens subjected to incremental feed withdrawal. Poult. Sci., 2000; 79: 483-488.
2)Duke, G.E., Basha, M., Noll, S.: Optimum duration of feed and water removal prior to processing in order to reduce the potential for fecal contamination in turkeys. Poult. Sci., 1997; 76: 516- 522.
3)Northcutt, J.K., Savage, S.I., Vest, L.R.: Relationship between feed withdrawal and viscera condition of broilers. Poult. Sci., 1997:76:410-414.
4)Ramirez, G.A., Sarlin, L.L, Caldwell, D.J., Yezak, C.R. Jr., Hume, M.E. Corrier, D.E., Deloach, J.R., Hargis, B.M.: Effect of feed withdrawal on the incidence of Salmonella in the crops and ceca of market age broiler chickens. Pouit. Sci., 1997; 76: 654-656.
5)Bilgili, S.F. Effect of feed and water withdrawal on shear strength of broiler gastrointestinal tract. Poult. Sci., 1988; 67: 845-847.
6)Buhr, R.J., Northcutt, J.K., Lyon, C.E., Rowland, G.N.: Influence of time off feed on broiler viscera weight, diameter, and shear. Poult. Sci., 1998; 77: 758-764.
7)Veerkamp, C.H.: Fasting and yield of broilers. Poult. Sci., 1986; 65: 1299-1304.
8)American Public Health Association (APHA Inc.): Compendium of methods for the microbiological examination of foods. Washington DC, 1976
9)Baumgart, J.: Mikrobiologische Untersuchung von Lebensmitten. B. Behr's Verlag. GmbH & Co.: Berlin, Hamburg, Germany, 1986.
10)Slanetz, L.W., Bartley, C.H.: Numbers of enterococci in water, sewage, and feces determined by the membrane filter technique with an improved medium, J. Bacteriol., 1957; 74: 591-595.
11)Hauschild, A.H.W., Gilbert, R.J., Harmon, S.M., O'Keefe, M.F., Vahlefeld, R.: ICMSF methods studies. Vlll. Comparative study for the enumeration of Clostridium perfringens in foods. 1997; 23: 884-892.
12)Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC): Bacteriological Analytical Chemists. Bacteriological Analytical Manual. 5th Ed., 1978; Washington DC.
13)June, G.A., Sherrod, P.S., Hammack, T.S., Amaguana, R.M., Andrews, W.H.: Relative effectiveness of selenite cysteine broth, tetrathionate broth, and Rappaport-Vassiliadis medium for the recovery of Salmonella from raw flesh and other highly contaminated foods: precollaborative study. J. AOAC Int., 1995; 78: 357-380.
14)Vassiliadis, P., Trichopoulos, D., Pateraki, E.: Papaiconomou, N., Isolation of Salmonella from minced meat by the use of a new procedure of enrichment. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. [Orig B.]., 1978; 166:81-86.
15)Winer, B.J.: Statistical Principles in Experimental Design. McGraw-Hill Book Company Second Edition, 1971; pp: 149-177.
16)SPSS Inc.: SPSS User's Guide, 1999; Chicago.
17)van der Wai, P.G., Reimert, H.G.M., Goedhart, H.A., Engel, B., Uijttenboogaart, T.G.: The effect of feed withdrawal on broiler blood glucose and nonesterified fatty acid levels, postmortem liver pH values, and carcass yield. Poult. Sci., 1999; 78: 569-573.
18)Bilgili, S.F.: Slaughter quality as influenced by feed withdrawal. World's Poult. Sci. J., 2002; 58: 123-130.
19)Jensen, L.S., Cervantes, H.M., Takahashi, K.: Liver lipid content in broilers as affected by time without feed or feed and water. Poult. Sci., 1984; 63: 2404-2407.
20)Bartov, I.: Interrelationship between the effects of dietary factors and feed withdrawal on the content and composition of liver fat in broiler chicks. Poult. Sci., 1996; 75: 632-641.
21)Jay, J.M.: Intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of foods that affect microbial growth (Chapter 3). In: Modern Food Microbiology, 2003; Kluwer Academic, New York, pp: 35-56.
22)Mead, G.C., Impey, C.S.: The present status of the Nurmi Concept for reducing carriage of food-poising Salmonellae and other pathogens in live poultry. In: Elimination of pathogenic organisms from meat and poultry, 1987; Ed: Smulders, F.J.M. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp: 57-77.
23)Fuller, R.: The importance of Lactobacilli in maintaining normal microbial balance in the crop. Br. Poult. Sci., 1977; 18: 85-94.
24)Jin, L.Z., Ho, Y.W., Abdullah, N., Jalaludin, S.: Probiotics in poultry: Modes of action. World's Poult. Sci. J.; 1997; 53: 351- 368.
25)Spitz, J.C.. Ghandi, S., Taveras, M., Aoys, E., Alverdy, J.C.: Characteristics of the intestinal epithelial barrier during dietary manipulation and glucocorticoid stress. Crit. Care Med., 1996; 24:635-641.
26)Schiffrin, E.J., Brassart, D., Servin, A.L., Rochat, F., Donnet- Hughes, A.: Immune modulation of blood leukocytes in humans by lactic acid bacteria: criteria for strain selection. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 1997:66:515-520.
27)Jin, L.Z., Ho, Y.W., Abdullah, N., Jalaludin, S.: Growth performance, intestinal microbial populations, and serum cholesterol of broilers fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures. Poult. Sci., 1998; 77: 1259-1265
28)Watkins, B.A., Kratzer, F.H.: Effect of oral dosing of Lactobacillus strains on gut colonization and liver biotin in broiler chicks. Poult. Sci., 1983:62:2088-2094.
29)Siriken, B., Bayram, I., Onol, A.G.: Effects of probiotics: alone and in a mixture of Biosacc plus Zinc Bacitracin on the caecal microfiora of Japanese quail. Res. Vet. Sci., 2003; 75: 9-14.
30)Lillard, H.S.: Incidence and recovery of salmonella and other bacteria from commercially processed poultry carcasses at selected pre- and post-evisceration steps. J. Food Protect., 1989; 52:88-91.

APA	ŞENGÖR E, YARDIMCI M, SIRIKEN B, BOZKURT Z, Tekerli M, KENAR B, ŞAHİN E (2006). Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. , 561 - 569.
Chicago	ŞENGÖR Erol,YARDIMCI Mehmet,SIRIKEN BELGİN,BOZKURT Zehra A.,Tekerli Mustafa,KENAR Beytullah,ŞAHİN E. Hesna Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. (2006): 561 - 569.
MLA	ŞENGÖR Erol,YARDIMCI Mehmet,SIRIKEN BELGİN,BOZKURT Zehra A.,Tekerli Mustafa,KENAR Beytullah,ŞAHİN E. Hesna Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. , 2006, ss.561 - 569.
AMA	ŞENGÖR E,YARDIMCI M,SIRIKEN B,BOZKURT Z,Tekerli M,KENAR B,ŞAHİN E Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. . 2006; 561 - 569.
Vancouver	ŞENGÖR E,YARDIMCI M,SIRIKEN B,BOZKURT Z,Tekerli M,KENAR B,ŞAHİN E Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. . 2006; 561 - 569.
IEEE	ŞENGÖR E,YARDIMCI M,SIRIKEN B,BOZKURT Z,Tekerli M,KENAR B,ŞAHİN E "Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass." , ss.561 - 569, 2006.
ISNAD	ŞENGÖR, Erol vd. "Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass". (2006), 561-569.

APA	ŞENGÖR E, YARDIMCI M, SIRIKEN B, BOZKURT Z, Tekerli M, KENAR B, ŞAHİN E (2006). Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 30(6), 561 - 569.
Chicago	ŞENGÖR Erol,YARDIMCI Mehmet,SIRIKEN BELGİN,BOZKURT Zehra A.,Tekerli Mustafa,KENAR Beytullah,ŞAHİN E. Hesna Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 30, no.6 (2006): 561 - 569.
MLA	ŞENGÖR Erol,YARDIMCI Mehmet,SIRIKEN BELGİN,BOZKURT Zehra A.,Tekerli Mustafa,KENAR Beytullah,ŞAHİN E. Hesna Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, vol.30, no.6, 2006, ss.561 - 569.
AMA	ŞENGÖR E,YARDIMCI M,SIRIKEN B,BOZKURT Z,Tekerli M,KENAR B,ŞAHİN E Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 2006; 30(6): 561 - 569.
Vancouver	ŞENGÖR E,YARDIMCI M,SIRIKEN B,BOZKURT Z,Tekerli M,KENAR B,ŞAHİN E Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 2006; 30(6): 561 - 569.
IEEE	ŞENGÖR E,YARDIMCI M,SIRIKEN B,BOZKURT Z,Tekerli M,KENAR B,ŞAHİN E "Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass." Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 30, ss.561 - 569, 2006.
ISNAD	ŞENGÖR, Erol vd. "Determination of optimum pre-slaughter feed withdrawal time in broiler chickens and its effect on meat yield, microbiological composition of gut content and microbiological quality of the carcass". Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 30/6 (2006), 561-569.