The Angora goat, its history in Anatolia is stretching back to many years and had been bred only in Central Anatolia, especially in Ankara and the surrounding subdistricts for hundreds of years, was also started to be bred in the other countries with the studs taken outside the country in various ways. During the Ottoman Empire period, in despite of the neglegence and mistakes made in the past, the Angora goat breeding and the mohair industry based on this had come into prominence and efforts had been exerted to make progress in this field. “Turkish Mohair Association” in order to genetically improve the Angora goat, process the obtained mohair in the domestic facilities and market it at abroad, was founded at 1930. This study was made in order to provide information about the foundation and the works of the Turkish Mohair Association, which played an important role in Angora goat breeding in Turkey, which had been ranked in the first place among the mohair exporting countries until 1956. In the study, the documents pertaining to the Association, periodicals, the books related to this subject, available at the Turkish Republic, The Prime Ministry Republican Archives, are utilized. The obtained data were evaluated with retrospective methods. Consequently, in despite of all the negative factors existed during the foundation period of the Association, it can be alleged that the Association has exhibited examplary works for the improvement and breeding of Angora goat.