Yıl: 2004 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 22 Sayfa Aralığı: 45 - 55 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü

Öz:
İnsanın doğasında bulunan tinsellik (maneviyat), psikolojik danışma ve psikoterapi uygulamalarına ve eğitimine farklı bir vurgu getirmektedir. Psikolojik danışma alanında giderek daha yaygın olarak kullanılması, tinselliğin insanı anlamada tamamlayıcı bir rol üstlenmiş olduğunu göstermektedir. Psikolojik danışma deneyiminin parçası olarak, danışanlar tinsel (manevi) ihtiyaçlarını da danışmanlarıyla paylaşma ihtiyacı duyabilirler. Son yıllarda, sıklıkla vurgulanan tinsel ihtiyaçlar, giderek artan bir şekilde psikolojik yardım aramanın nedenlerinden biri gibi görünmektedir. Modern psikoloji anlayışı ile birlikte ihmal edilen tinsel anlayışın insanı anlamadaki rolü, çağdaş yaklaşımlarla birlikte tekrar gündeme gelmiş olmasına rağmen henüz kuramsal bir çerçeveye oturtulamamıştır. Bu makale tinsellik kavramını açıklarken, aynı zamanda, tinsellik ve din kavramları arasındaki ayrımın da altını çizmektedir.
Anahtar Kelime: psikoterapi manevi değerler öğretim programı psikolojik danışmanlık din dini inançlar tinsellik psikolojik danışmanlar psikolojik yardım

The Role of Spiritual Understanding in Counseling

Öz:
Spiritual dimension on human nature brings a special emphasis on counseling and psychotherapy training and practice issues. The growing use of spirituality in recent counseling and psychotherapy literature points out to its important and complementary role in understanding human behavior. Clients are in need of discussing their spiritual interests with their counselors as part of the counseling experience. Spiritual concerns increasingly became one of the important reasons for seeking counseling or psychotherapy. Spirituality is a newly recognized concept acknowledging a different dimension of human being, which is underestimated in the modern psychology. However, spiritual themes in counseling have not been placed on a theoretical background. The present article discusses the spirituality concept and theoretical background also emphasizes the difference between spirituality and religion.
Anahtar Kelime: spirituality psychological counselors psychological help psychotherapy spiritual values education program psychological counseling religion religious beliefs

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Bibliyografik
  • Alford, G. (1980). Alcoholics anonymous: An empirical outcome study. Addictive Behavior, 5, 359-370.
  • Benjamin, P., ve Looby, J. (1998). Defining the nature of spirituality in the context of Maslow's and Roger's theories. Counseling and Values, 42, 92-100.
  • Bergin, A. E., ve Jensen, J. P. (1990). Religiosity of psychotherapists: A national survey. Psychotherapy, 27, 3-7.
  • Byrd, R. C. (1988). Positive therapeutic effects of intercessory prayer in a coronary care unit population. Southern Medical Journal, 81,7, 826-829.
  • Chandler, C. K., Holden, J. M. ve Kolander, C. A. (1992). Counseling for spiritual wellness: Theory and practice. Journal of Counseling & Development, 71, 168-175.
  • Corbett, J. M. (1990). Religion in America. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Corey, G. (1996). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy (5th ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
  • Elkins, D. N. (1995). Psychotherapy and spirituality: Toward a theory of the soul. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 35, 2, 78- 98.
  • Elkins, D. N. (1999). Spirituality, Psychology Today, 32, 5, 44-48.
  • Elkins, D.N., Hedstrom, L. J., Hughes, L. L., Leaf, J. A. ve Saunders, C. (1988). Toward a humanistic- phenomenological spirituality. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 28, 4, 5-18.
  • Fehring, R.J., Brennan, P.F. ve Keller, M.L. (1987). Psychological and spiritual well-being in college students. Research in Nursing and Health, 10, 391-398.
  • Frame, M. W. (2000). Spiritual and religious issues in counseling: Ethical considerations. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 8, 72-74.
  • Frankl, V. E. (1967). Psychotherapy and Existentialism: Selected papers on logotherapy. New York: Washington Square Press.
  • Fukuyama, M. A. (2000,Spring). Integrating spirituality into marriage and family counseling. The Family Digest, 12, 1, 7-9.
  • Furnham, A. (1994). Explaining health and illness: Lay perceptions on current and future health, the causes of illness, and the nature of recovery. Social Science and Medicine 39, 715-725.
  • Garroutte, E. M., Goldberg, J., Beals, J., Herrell, R. ve Manşon, S. M. (2003). Spirituality and attempted suicide among American Indians. Social Science & Medicine, 56, 7, 1571-1579.
  • Gorsuch, R.L. (1984). Measurement: The boon and bane of investigating religion. American Psychology, 39, 228-236.
  • Graham, S., Furr, S., Flowers, C, Burke, C. ve Thomas, M. (2001). Religion and spirituality in coping with stress. Counseling & Values, 46, 1,2-13.
  • Green, L. L., Fullilove, M. T. ve Fullilove, R. E. (1998). Stories of spiritual awakening: the nature of spirituality in recovery. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 15, 4, 325-331.
  • Grobovac, A, D. (2003). Spirituality and Religion in Canadian Psychiatric Residency Training. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 48, 3.
  • Holder, D. W., DuRant, R. H., Harris, T. L., Daniel, J. H., Obeidallah, D., ve Goodman, E. (2000). The asscoiation between adolescent spirituality and voluntary sexual activity. Journal of Adolescent Health, 26, 4, 295-302.
  • Ingersoll, R. E. (1994). Spirituality, religion, and counseling: Dimensions and relationships. Counseling and Values, 38,98-111.
  • Jung, C. G. (1933). Modern man in a search of soul (W. S. Dell & C. E Baynes, Trans.). New York: Hartcourt.
  • Karasu, B. (1999). Spiritual Psychotherapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 53,2, 143-162.
  • Kim, Y, ve Seidlitz, L. (2001). Spirituality moderates the effect of stress on emotional and physical adjustment. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 8, 2002.
  • King, D. E, ve Bushwick B. (1994). Beliefs and attitudes of hospital inpatients about faith healing and prayer. Journal of Family Practice, 39,349-52.
  • King, M., Speck, P. ve Thomas, A. (1994). Spiritual and religious beliefs in acute illness-is this a feasible area for study? Social Science & Medicine, 38, 631-636.
  • Lawrence, R. M. ve Duggal, A. (2001). Spirituality in psychiatric education and training. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 94, 303-307..
  • Marshall, J. (2003). Shamans and Religion: An Anthropological Exploration in Critical Thinking (Book). Australian Journal of Anthropology, 14, 3, 425-426.
  • Maslow, A. H. (1971). Farther reaches of human nature. New York: Viking. Norcross, J. C. ve Goldfried, M. R. (Eds.). (1992). Handbook of psychotherapy integration. New York: Basic Books.
  • McLafferty, C. L. (1997). Spirituality in three theories of psychology: A qualitative study. Dissertation Abstract International, 58, 3,1567B.
  • Miller, W. R. (Ed.). (1999). Integrating spirituality into treatment: Resources for practitioners. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Money, M. (2001). Shamanism as a healing paradigm for complementary therapy, Complementary Therapies in Nursing and Midwifery, 7, 3, 126-131
  • Norcross, J.C. ve Goldfried, M.R. (Eds.). (1992). Handbook of psychotherapy integration.New York: Basic Books.
  • Oxman, T.E., Freeman, D.H. ve Manheimer, E.D. (1995). Lack of social participation or religious strength and comfort as risk factors for death after cardiac surgery in the elderly. Psychosomatic Medicine, 57, 1, 5-15
  • Pargament, K. I. (1997). The psychology of religion and coping. Guilford, New York
  • Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned Reflexes (Anrep Çevirisi). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Payne, I. R., Bergin, A. E. ve Loftus, P. E. (1992). A review of attempts to integrate spiritual and standard psychotherapy techniques. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 2, 171-192.
  • Prochaska, J.O. ve Norcross, J.C. (1999). Systems of psychotherapy: A transtheoretical analysis (fourth ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
  • Propst, L. R., Ostrom, R., Watkins, P., Dean, T. ve Mashburn, D. (1992). Comparative efficacy of religious and non-religious cognitive— behavioral therapy for the treatment of clinical depression in religious individuals. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 94-103.
  • Richards, P. S. ve Bergin, A. E. (1997). A spiritual strategy for counseling and psychotherapy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Rose, E. M., Westefel, J. S. ve Ansley, T. N. (2001)/ Spiritual issues in counseling: Client's beliefs and preferences. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48, 1, 61-71.
  • Skinner, B. F. (1953). Science and Human Behavior. New York: Me Millan.
  • Stanard, R. P., Sandhu, D. S. ve Painter, L. C. (2000). Assessment of spirituality in counseling. Journal of Counseling and Development, 78,2, 204-210.
  • Stephenson, P. L.ve Draucker, C. B. (2003). The experience of spirituality in the lives of hospice patients. Journal of hospice and Palliative Nursing, 5,1,51-58.
  • Stoll, R. I. (1989). The essence of spirituality. In V. B. Carson (Ed.), Spiritual dimensions of nursing practice (pp. 4-23). Philadelphia: Saunders.
  • Turbott J. (1996). Religion, spirituality and psychiatry: conceptual, cultural and personal challenges. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 30, 720-30.
  • Vaillant G. ve Milofsky, E., (1982). Natural history of male alcoholism: Paths to recovery. Archives General Psychiatry, 39, 127-133
  • Watson, J. B. (1931). Behaviorism. London: Kegan Paul, Tranch and Traubner.
  • Weishaus, J. (2000). The soul of shamanism: conservation with Daniel D. Noel. Mythosphere, 2, 4 397-405.
  • Young, J. S., Cashwell, C. S., & Woolington, V. J. (1998). The relationship of spirituality to cognitive and moral development and purpose in life: An exploratory investigation. Counseling and Values, 43, 63-69.
  • Young, J. S., Cashwell, C. S., ve Shcherbakova, J. (2000). The moderating relationship of spirituality on negative life events and psychological adjustment. Counseling and Values, 45, 1, 49-57.
  • Zinnbauer, B. J., Pargamnet, K. I., cole, B., Rye, M. S., Butter, E. M., Belavich, T. G., Hipp, K. M., Scott, A. B., & Kadar, J. L. (1997). Religion and spirituality: Unfuzzying the Fuzzy. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 36, 549-564.
APA KARAIRMAK Ö (2004). Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü. , 45 - 55.
Chicago KARAIRMAK Özlem Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü. (2004): 45 - 55.
MLA KARAIRMAK Özlem Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü. , 2004, ss.45 - 55.
AMA KARAIRMAK Ö Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü. . 2004; 45 - 55.
Vancouver KARAIRMAK Ö Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü. . 2004; 45 - 55.
IEEE KARAIRMAK Ö "Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü." , ss.45 - 55, 2004.
ISNAD KARAIRMAK, Özlem. "Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü". (2004), 45-55.
APA KARAIRMAK Ö (2004). Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 3(22), 45 - 55.
Chicago KARAIRMAK Özlem Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi 3, no.22 (2004): 45 - 55.
MLA KARAIRMAK Özlem Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, vol.3, no.22, 2004, ss.45 - 55.
AMA KARAIRMAK Ö Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi. 2004; 3(22): 45 - 55.
Vancouver KARAIRMAK Ö Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi. 2004; 3(22): 45 - 55.
IEEE KARAIRMAK Ö "Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü." Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 3, ss.45 - 55, 2004.
ISNAD KARAIRMAK, Özlem. "Tinsel Anlayışın Psikolojik Danışmadaki Rolü". Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi 3/22 (2004), 45-55.