The activities aimed at solving the environmental problems, which gained a global character with the industrialisation process, did not yield the expected results. So far there have been significant efforts to prevent environmental pollution. These efforts, however, have been far from achieving its aim of solving the existing environmental problems, and factors such as the changes in climate and the defects occurred in the ozone layer have started to threaten life on the earth. The searches for new alternatives have gained momentum especially after the environmental problems began to be considered among the main problems waiting for solution. Through these searches, one of the most important concepts stayed up to date since 1980 's, is the concept of 'sustainable development'. While sustainable development is regarded as a prescription, which is suggested by Capitalism for environmental problems, it has recently been applied to the real life. Moreover the developing countries always postpone its application due to their economic concerns. With the introduction of the sustainable development, states have started to consider environmental protection with its all aspects, including its economic, social and political dimensions. Although there have been some applications of (Environmental Effect Evaluation) in developed countries for sometime, a multi-dimensional environmental effect evaluation has not been achieved yet. This study discusses the considerable transformation in social, cultural and economic areas proposed by sustainable development.