Despite the mutual historical suspicions, Turkish-Russian relations have been reestablished during the war of independence and then considerably improved in the time of Atatürk on the basis of bileteral trust and cooperation. As a result, the two countries have signed a friendship and nonagression treaty in 1925. However, because of Turkey's foreign policy that aimed to seek a balance between the great powers during the second world war in the sake of remaining out of war, its maintance of diplomatic and commercial ties with Germany, and the Russia's emergence from the war on the side of victrious powers have caused to deteriote Ankara-Moscow relations toward the end of the war. Particularly Stalin's demand that Russia should gain the control of Turkish straits by the amendent of Montreux Treaty regulating strait regime, and his irredindist claims that Turkish eastern borders must be redrawn in favor of the Soviet Union further deepened the crises between the two countries This study aims to examine changing Turkish-Russian relations during the course of the second world war and its implications to Turkish foreign and domestic politics by analyzing official documents, diplomatic reports, memoirs of the political actors of the time and discussions in daily press by using political history metodology.